Te Hina Kore E Mōhiotia o ngā LED Tino Pai
Kua hurihia e te tīramarama LED te āhua o tātau whakamarama i tō tātau ao, e tuku ana i te tōtika pūngao tōtika me te roanga o te ora ka taea te toro atu mō ngā tekau tau. Heoi anō, ahakoa tō rātou hangarau hōhonu, ehara ngā rama LED i te matekore. Ko tētahi wheako noa iho mō te tokomaha o ngā kaiwhakamahi ko te kitenga kua hina haere ā rātou rama LED, ngā taputapu rānei i te roanga o te wā, kua pōuri rānei. Ko tēnei tītohunga, e ngaro ai te rama LED i tōna mōhinuhinu taketake, ka whakapōrearea, i muri iho i te haumi i te mea i kīa mai he rongoā roa. Heoi anō, ehara tēnei pouri i te takahanga matapōkere; ko te nuinga o te wā ko te hua o tētahi o ngā take matua e toru: he atekōkiri hē, te wera ā-tinana o ia rīpene LED, te tukanga tūturu rānei o te whakahekenga o te lumen. Ko te mārama ki ēnei take motuhake e toru he kī ki te tātari i te raruraru, te whakatau mēnā ka taea te whakatika, me te mōhio he aha hei kimi ina hoko i ngā hua LED ā muri ake kia whiwhi ai koe i te mahinga roa rawa me te tino pono. Ka hōhonu tēnei aratohu ki ia take, e whakamārama ana i te "he aha" i muri i te hina me te tuku i ngā mōhiotanga whaitake ki ngā rongoā me te āraitanga.
He pēhea te atekōkiri LED e hina ai, e hinga rānei ai ngā rama?
Kei te ngākau o ia rama LED e haere ana i runga i te hiko matua (pēnei i te 120V, 220V AC rānei i roto i o tātau kāinga) he wae nui e kiia nei ko te atekōkiri LED. Ko te maramara LED he pūrere DC ngaohiko iti, i te nuinga o te wā e hiahiatia ana kia iti iho i te 20 volts hei mahi. Ko to mātau hiko kāinga he AC ngaohiko tiketike. E rua ngā mahi a te atekōkiri: tuatahi, ki te whakatika i te hiko AC ki DC, me te tuarua, ki te whakaheke i te ngaohiko tiketike ki te ngaohiko iti, haumaru e hiahiatia ana e ngā LED. Engari ko tana mahi tino nui ko te whakarato i tētahi au taimau. He pūrere ā-nāianei ngā LED, ā, ko ngā tārere iti o nāianei ka tino pā ki tō rātou tīahoaho me te roanga o te ora. Mā te atekōkiri kounga tiketike e whakarite i te rere pūmau, pūmau hoki o te hiko. I roto i te ariā, ki te ōrite tonu ngā tawhā hiko o te atekōkiri ki ngā whakaritenga o te huānga LED, me whakarato i te mahi kore raruraru mō ngā tau maha. Heoi anō, he matatini te ara iahiko ā-roto o te atekōkiri, kei roto ngā wae pēnei i ngā pūkaha, ngā whakatikatika, ngā panoni, me ngā ara iahiko tautoko. He mutunga te roanga o te ora o ia mōtete, ā, ka pāngia e ia te hau wera, te ngaohiko, me te mau me te roimata whānui. Hei tauira, ko ngā pūkaha hiko, he mea noa iho i roto i ngā atekōkiri, he tino ngāwari ki te maroke me te ngaro i tō rātou kaha i roto i te wā, i roto hoki i ngā taiao wera tiketike. Ina tīmata tētahi o ēnei wae ā-roto ki te hinga, ka tūkino pea te ngaohiko huaputa, te au rānei o te atekōkiri. Tērā pea ka taka ki raro iho i te taumata e hiahiatia ana, ka rite tonu te hina o te rama katoa. Koinei tētahi o ngā take tino pūnoa kia pōuri haere te rama LED me te kore e tahuna ngā LED takitahi.
He aha ngā tohu o te rahunga atekōkiri, ā, ka taea te whakatika?
Ko te rahunga atekōkiri te hapa auau rawa i roto i ngā rama LED, ā, he maha ngā huarahi e kitea ana. Ko te tohu tino mārama ko te rama kua tino hina puta noa i te maunga katoa. Tērā pea ka kite koe i te kōpuro, e tohu ana kei te uaua te atekōkiri ki te pupuri i tētahi au taimau. I ētahi wā, ka kā pea te rama, engari ka whakaweto i muri i ētahi hēkona, meneti rānei hei parenga wera, o nāianei rānei i roto i ngā haerenga atekōkiri. Ko te tangi haruru e ahu mai ana i te pūtake o te rama, i te whare atekōkiri rānei, ka taea hoki te tohu o te hau, te rahunga rānei o te wae ā-roto. Ko te rongo pai, ko te atekōkiri rahua, hapa rānei te raruraru māmā rawa ki te whakatika, mēnā kua hoahoatia te rama ki tētahi atekōkiri ka taea te whakakapi. I roto i te maha o ngā maunga LED arumoni, ahumahi hoki, ko te atekōkiri he wae motuhake, kōwae ka taea te tango me te whakakapi ki tētahi mea hōu e tika ana ngā whakaritenga huaputa. Mō ētahi pūrama LED kōeke kiritaki, ka hangaia te atekōkiri ki roto i te pūtake, ā, kāore e taea te whakakapi, ko te tikanga me turaki te pūrama katoa. Heoi anō, mō ngā taputapu nui ake pēnei i ngā rama paepae, ngā rama waipuke, ngā rama tiriti rānei, ko te whakakapi i te atekōkiri he tapi utu nui e āhei ai ki te hoatu i te rama he oranga hou. Ina whakakapi i tētahi atekōkiri, he mea nui kia ōrite ki te ngaohiko huaputa, ā, ko te mea nui rawa, ko te whakatauranga auau o nāianei ki ngā whakaritenga o te huānga LED kia kore ai e tūkino i te atekōkiri hōu, i ngā LED rānei.
He aha ngā maramara LED takitahi e wera ai, ā, ka pouri?
Ehara te rama LED, te taputapu rānei i te pūtake mārama kotahi; he huānga o ngā maramara LED takitahi, i ētahi wā he tini, he rau rānei. Ko te tikanga ka whakaritea ēnei rīpene ki tētahi whirihoranga whakarara rangatū. Ko te tikanga o tēnei he maha ngā rīpene e tūhono ana ki tētahi aho (rangatū), kātahi ka tūhono whakarara ngā aho maha. Mā tēnei hoahoa e āhei ai te maunga ki te mahi i tētahi ngaohiko māia i a ia e whakarato ana i te whakahōutanga. Heoi anō, ka waihanga hoki i tētahi whakararurarutanga. Ki te hinga tētahi maramara LED kotahi, ā, ka noho hei ara iahiko tuwhera, ka pouri te aho rangatū katoa nā te mea kua pakaru te ara hiko. Mā tēnei ka kitea he wāhanga pouri i runga i te paepae mārama, he whakaiti nui rānei i te putanga mārama katoa mai i te rama waipuke. Ko te tikanga he ngāwari noa iho te kite i tētahi maramara LED rahua. Ina wera tētahi LED, ka puta he wāhi pango iti, he tae pōuri rānei i runga i tōna mata kōwhai kōwhai. I takea tēnei e te wera me te wera o te semiconductor ā-roto, te waea hono rānei. Ko te kimi i tētahi maramara tahuna he take o te tirotiro tata. Mēnā ka kitea e koe tētahi, ka taea pea e tētahi tangata whakatika pūkenga te whakatika mā te āta whakapiri i tētahi waea puta noa i muri o te papa ara iahiko hei ara iahiko i te maramara rahua, mā te tango tika i te aho rangatū. Mā tēnei e karo i te wae tūpāpaku, ā, ka whakaora i te hiko ki te toenga o ngā rīpene i roto i taua aho. Heoi anō, he whakatika mārire tēnei, ā, ka rere ngā rīpene e toe ana i taua aho i tētahi au teitei ake, tērā pea ka whakapoto i tō rātou oranga. Ko tētahi whakatika pūmau ake, tika hoki ko te whakakore i te maramara rahua me te whakakapi ki tētahi mea hou o ngā whakaritenga ōrite.
Ina tohu ngā rīpene tahuna i tētahi raru atekōkiri hōhonu ake
Ahakoa ka puta matapōkere tētahi maramara LED kotahi nā tētahi hēnga whakanao, he kara whero nui mēnā ka kite koe i ngā rīpene maha e wera ana, mēnā rānei ka pāngia tētahi maunga i ngā rahunga maramara auau. He mea noa iho te tauanga mō tētahi LED ki te tahu takitahi i raro i ngā āhuatanga pūnoa. Mēnā he auau, he whānui rānei te raruraru, he tohu tonu tērā o tētahi atekōkiri hē, kāore rānei i te ōrite tika. Koinei tētahi atu whakaaturanga nui o te rahunga atekōkiri: kaua e hina noa iho, ka tīmata pea te atekōkiri ki te whakaputa i ngā tara nui rawa o nāianei, ngaohiko rānei. Mā tēnei e whakanui i ngā rīpene LED, e pana ana i a rātou ki tua atu i ō rātou tepe mahi haumaru. Na te nui o te au ka wera rawa rātou, ka wera, i te nuinga o te wā, ka mahue i aua wāhi pango kōrero. I tēnei tauari, he mahi huakore noa iho te whakakapi i ngā rīpene tahuna, nā te mea ka pā pea ngā rīpene hōu ki te tūponotanga ōrite ina tukuna e te atekōkiri hē tētahi atu pātō. Ko te rongoā tika, ko te tātari tuatahi me te whakakapi i te atekōkiri hē. Ina tāutatia tētahi atekōkiri pūmau, whakatauranga tika, ka taea e koe te haere tonu ki te whakakapi i ngā maramara tahuna, i te nuinga rānei, ka pai ake pea te whakakapi i te huānga LED, i te pūkaha rama rānei mēnā he nui te tūkinotanga. Ko tēnei whakawhitiwhiti i waenganui i te atekōkiri me ngā rīpene e whakamārama ana i te hauora o te pūnaha katoa.
He aha te whakahekenga o te lumen, he aha hoki i āta pouri ai?
Ko te take tuatoru me te tino kore e mōhiotia kia pouri te rama LED ko tētahi tītohunga e mōhiotia ana ko te whakahekenga o te lumen. Kāore i te rite ki te rahunga ohorere o te atekōkiri, i te wera whakaharahara rānei o te rīpene, he tukanga pōturi, āta haere te whakahekenga o te lumen. Ko te pakeke tūturu o te LED anō. Ko ngā pūtake mārama katoa, mai i te rā ki ngā pūrama kākano, e pā ana ki tēnei, engari he tino rerekē te tere. Tērā pea ka kitea e te pūrama kākano te hina i roto i tōna oranga poto, engari he pōturi ake te whakahekenga o te LED, koia te take he uaua ki te kite mā te kanohi tahanga i ia rā. Ko te whakahekenga o te lumen i takea mai i te pōturi o te whakahekenga o ngā rauemi i roto i te maramara LED me tōna koti phosphor. Ko te rama kikorangi pūngao tiketike i hangaia i roto i te maramara ka āta whakaheke i te rauemi semiconductor me ngā resins epoxy e whakamahia ana hei kōpani. Ko te phosphor, e tahuri ana i ētahi o taua rama kikorangi ki te kōwhai hei waihanga i te mārama mā, ka ngaro hoki tōna tōtika. Ko te tikanga o tēnei, neke atu i te tekau mano haora, ka iti iho te kaha o te maramara ki te tahuri hiko ki te mārama. He tino pai te "tiaki lumen" o ngā LED kounga tiketike mai i ngā kaiwhakanao rongonui, ko te tikanga he pōturi rawa te whakapeka o te huaputa mārama. I te nuinga o te wā ka whakatauria kia tae ki te L70 (70% o te tīahoaho tuatahi) i muri i te 50,000 haora, neke atu rānei. Heoi anō, kāore tēnei mokatere i te whakatikaina mō ngā LED katoa.
He aha ngā take e whakatere ana i te whakahekenga o te lumen i roto i ngā LED?
Ahakoa e kore e taea ētahi taumata whakahekenga lumen, he tino whakawhirinaki tōna tere ki ngā here mahi, ko te nuinga o te wera. Ko te hoariri nui rawa o te LED ko te pāmahana tiketike. Ko te pāmahana tūtakinga o te maramara LED (te pāmahana i te wāhi e hangaia ai te mārama) te atekōkiri matua o tōna tere whakahekenga. Ko te wera ake o te maramara, ko te tere ake o te whakahekenga o ōna rawa, ā, ka tere ake te ngaro o te tīahoaho. Koinei te take i tino nui ai te whakahaere wera—te hoahoa o ngā totohu wera me te whakarato i te rerenga hau—i roto i ngā maunga LED. Mā tētahi rama i hoahoatia pai me tētahi totohu wera nui, māia hoki e whakamātao ngā rīpene LED, me te whakarite kia āta whakahekea i roto i tō rātou oranga kua whakaritea. I tua atu, ka tino wera te rere o tētahi rama LED iti iho, tētahi rānei kāore i te pai te wera (tērā pea kua tāutatia ki tētahi taputapu rāhui, kāore i hoahoatia). I ēnei take, ka taea te tino whakatere i te mokatere whakahekenga o te lumen. Tērā pea ka ngaro te 30% o tōna tīahoaho i roto i ngā mano haora noa iho, kaua ko te 50,000. He take noa tēnei ki ngā hua LED utu iti, kāore he ingoa e tapahia ai ngā kokonga i runga i te hoahoa wera. Nā reira, ahakoa ko te whakahekenga lumen te take "māori" o te pouri, ko tōna tere he whakaata hāngai o te kounga o te maramara LED, ā, ko te mea nui ake, ko te pai o te whakahaere wera o te maunga. Mā te haumi i tētahi hua kounga mai i tētahi toa rongonui pēnei i te OAK LED ka pōturi rawa te pouri "māori" kia tata kore ai e kitea i roto i ngā tau maha o te ratonga.
Te tātari i ngā take matua e toru mō te pouri LED
Ko te ripanga e whai ake nei he tohutoro tere hei wehe i waenga i ngā take matua e toru o ngā rama LED e hina ana.
| Te take o te pouri | Ngā Tohu Matua | Ngā Tīwhiri Arokite | rongoā noa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rahunga Atekōkiri | Te hina ōrite puta noa i te taputapu katoa, te kōpuro, te haruru, te rahunga katoa rānei ki te mārama. | Kāore he tūkinotanga kitea ki ngā rīpene LED; ka hina te mārama, ka kōpura rānei te katoa. | Whakakapia te atekōkiri LED ki tētahi wae hōu, ōrite tika. |
| Ngā Maramara LED Kua Tahuna | Ngā wāhi pouri, ngā wāhanga, ngā pūrei rānei i runga i te paepae mārama; kua heke te tīahoaho katoa, engari kāore i te taurite. | Ngā wāhi pango e kitea ana, te tae rānei i runga i te mata o ia maramara LED. | Arawhitia te maramara mate (rangitahi), whakakapia rānei. Mēnā he auau, tirohia te atekōkiri i te tuatahi. |
| whakahekenga lumen | He tino āta haere, he rite tonu te hina i roto i nga tau o te whakamahinga. Kāore he huringa ohorere, he kōpura rānei. | Kāore he hēnga kitea; kāore te mārama i te tīaho pērā i te wā hou. | Kore (koroheketanga māori). Aukati: hokona ngā LED kounga me te whakahaere wera pai. |
Hei whakamutunga, ko te rama LED pouri he karere mai i te maunga, e kōrero ana i tētahi pūrākau mō ngā mea e puta ana i roto. Tērā pea he atekōkiri hauā, he torutoru noa iho ngā hōia i hinga (rīwai tahuna), ko te haerenga noa iho rānei o te wā (whakahekenga lumen). Mā te ako ki te pānui i ngā tohu—te āhua ōrite ki te rehurehu, te aroaro o ngā wāhi pango, te pōturi rānei o ngā tau—ka taea e koe te tātari tika i te raruraru. Mā tēnei mōhiotanga koe e whakamana ki te mahi i tētahi tapi māmā, pai hoki, pēnei i te whakawhiti i tētahi atekōkiri, ki te whakatau mōhio rānei mō te whakakapinga, me te maumahara tonu ko te kounga o te hokonga tuatahi te ārai pai rawa atu ki te pouri moata.
Ngā Pātai Auau mō te Pouri LED
Ka taea te whakatika i te rama LED rehurehu, me whakakapi rānei e au te mea katoa?
Kei te āhua tonu o te take. Mēnā kua rahua te atekōkiri, ā, he wae ka taea te whakakapi, he ngāwari, he utu hoki te whakatika. Mēnā ka tahuna ētahi rīwai, ka taea e te tangata pūkenga te whakakapi. Heoi anō, mēnā kei te pāngia te rama i te whakahekenga o te lumen arā atu anō, mēnā rānei kua whakaurua te atekōkiri, ā, kāore e taea te whakakapi, ko te whakakapi i te katoa o te taputapu, i te pūrama rānei te rongoā tino māia.
He pango ngā wāhi pango o taku rama LED i ētahi o ngā rīwai. He aha te tikanga o tēnei?
Ko ngā wāhi pango i runga i tētahi maramara LED he tohu tauhira o te wera. Kua wera rawa te maramara, ā, kua hinga, i te nuinga o te wā nā tētahi hēnga whakanao, i te nuinga rānei, nā te mea i whakahaeretia e tētahi atekōkiri hē. Ki te kite koe i tētahi, tērā pea kei te pau taua maramara, tōna aho rangatū rānei. Mēnā ka kite koe i te tokomaha, ko te atekōkiri te tangata hara.
Me pēhea e kore ai e tere rawa te hina o aku rama LED?
Ko te ārai pai rawa atu ko te hoko i ngā hua LED kounga tiketike mai i ngā kaiwhakanao rongonui e whakamahi ana i te whakahaere wera pai (ngā totohu wera tika). Me mātua whakarite hoki kua tāutatia te maunga ki tētahi huarahi e āhei ai te whakaora tika. Kaua e whakamahi i ngā LED i roto i ngā taputapu rāhui, kāore i te hāora, engari rawa mēnā kua whakatauria mō taua take, nā te mea ka tino tere ake te whakahekenga o te lumen i te wera mau.
