Ko e ha ʻoku ʻikai lava ai ʻa e ngaahi maama LED mo e founga ke fakaleleiʻi ai kinautolu

Kuo maʻu totonu ʻe he ngaahi maama LED honau tuʻunga ko e tekinolosia lahi taha ʻo e maama ʻi he ngaahi ʻapi, pisinisi mo e ngaahi feituʻu fakapuleʻanga. ʻOku hanga ʻe heʻenau ngingila maʻolunga, maʻulalo ʻaupito ʻa e ivi ʻoku fakaʻaongaʻi, mo e malava ke moʻui fuoloa ʻo ʻai ke nau hoko ko ha fili fakaʻofoʻofa ʻi he ngaahi meʻa ʻoku fakaʻaongaʻi ʻi he incandescent mo e fluorescent. Neongo ia, ko e kupuʻi lea ko e "LEDs tolonga ʻo taʻengata" ko ha talatupuʻa. Neongo ʻoku nau malohi pea siʻisiʻi ange ʻenau tuʻu laveangofua ki he maumau fakafokifa ʻa e ngaahi foʻi ʻuhila motuʻa, ka ko ha ngaahi meʻangaue fakaʻilekitulonika faingataʻa ia ʻe lava pea ʻoku ʻikai ngaue lelei. Ko e ongoongo fakafiefia ko e lahi ʻo e ngaahi palopalema angamaheni taha ʻo e LED ʻoku ʻikai ngata pe ʻi he diagnosable ʻe he tokotaha angamaheni ka ʻoku toe lava foki ke fakaleleiʻi, ʻo faʻa ʻaki ha ngaahi meʻangaue faingofua mo ha kiʻi ʻilo. ʻOku maʻu ʻa e kii ʻi he mahino ʻa e konga ʻe ua ʻo e LED: ko e maama (ko e maama emitting diodes) mo e fakaʻuli (ko e maʻuʻanga ʻuhila fakaʻilekitulonika ʻoku ne ʻai ke nau ngaue). ʻI hoʻo ako ke ʻiloʻi pe ʻoku tupu ha palopalema mei he fakaʻuli pe ko e fanga kiʻi foʻi kula, te ke lava ʻo fakahaofi ha paʻanga ʻi hono fetongi, fakasiʻisiʻi ʻa e maumau fakaʻilekitulonika, pea toe fakafoki vave hoʻo mama. ʻE fakahinohino koe ʻe he fakahinohino ko ʻeni ʻi he ngaahi launga ʻe tolu ʻoku lahi taha hono hoko—ʻa e ngaahi maama ʻoku ʻikai ke moʻui, ngaahi maama kuo fakapoʻuli, mo e ngaahi maama ʻoku ulo pe ulo hili hono tamateʻi—ʻo ʻoatu ha ngaahi founga mahino ki he sitepu ki he sitepu takitaha.

Ko e ha ʻa e ngaahi tefitoʻi konga ʻo ha maama LED?

Kimuʻa pea fai ha palopalema, ʻoku mahuʻinga ke mahino ʻa e tefitoʻi fokotuʻutuʻu ʻo ha maama LED angamaheni. Tatau ai pe pe ko ha kiʻi foʻi ʻuhila siʻisiʻi ʻi ʻapi, ko ha maama ʻo e penolo, pe ko ha maama lahi, ʻoku tatau pe ʻa e ngaahi tefitoʻi meʻa mahuʻinga. Ko e ʻuluaki konga lalahi ko e fanga kiʻi meʻa ʻo e mama, ʻoku faʻa ui ko e LED chip pe misini mama. Kapau te ke fakaava ʻa e diffuser pe ko e puha pelesitiki ʻo ha foʻi ʻuhila LED, te ke sio ki ha circuit board, ʻoku faʻa ʻufiʻufi ʻaki ha coating engeenga. Ko e naunau engeenga ko ʻeni ko ha phosphor, pea ʻi lalo ai ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e LED lanu pulu moʻoni. ʻOku liliu ʻe he phosphor ha niʻihi ʻo e maama lanu pulu ko ia ki ha ngaahi lanu kehe ke faʻu ʻaki ʻa e maama hinehina ʻoku tau sio ki ai. Ko e lahi, tuʻunga lelei mo e fokotuʻutuʻu ʻo e ngaahi foʻi maama ko ʻeni ko e tefitoʻi meʻa ia ʻoku ne fakapapauʻi ʻa e ngingila mo e tuʻunga lelei ʻo e mama. Ko e konga hono ua, pea ʻoku mahuʻinga tatau pe, ko e fakaʻuli. ʻOku faʻa fufuuʻi ʻeni ʻi he fakavaʻe ʻo e foʻi ʻuhila pe ʻi ha loki mavahe ʻo ha meʻa lahi ange. Ko e fakaʻuli ko ha meʻa fakaʻilekitulonika fakaʻofoʻofa. Ko ʻene ngaue ke liliu ʻa e malohi AC maʻolunga (e.g., 120V pe 220V) ki he malohi maʻulalo ʻo e voltage DC (angamaheni ʻi lalo ʻi he 50V) ʻoku fie maʻu ʻe he LED beads. Kae mahuʻinga ange, ʻoku hoko ia ko ha maʻuʻanga tokoni maʻu pe, fakapapauʻi ʻoku maʻu ʻe he LEDs ha tafe ʻuhila ʻoku tuʻumaʻu, ʻo maluʻi kinautolu mei he ngaahi fetoʻaki fakatuʻutamaki. Ko ha palopalema ʻi ha taha ʻo e ongo konga ko ʻeni ʻe ha maumau ʻa e mama.

Ko e ha e meʻa ke fai ʻi he taimi ʻoku ʻikai ulo ai hoʻo maama LED?

Ko ha palopalema angamaheni mo fakatupu lotofoʻi ʻa e maama LED ʻoku mate ʻaupito—ʻa ia ʻoku ʻikai ha fakaʻilonga ʻo e moʻui ʻi he taimi ʻoku fakamoʻui ai ʻa e meʻa kamosi. Neongo ia, kimuʻa pea ke pehe ko e mama ʻoku tukuakiʻi, ko e ʻuluaki sitepu ʻi he palopalema kuo pau ke fakapapauʻi ʻa e circuit. Naʻa mo ha maama foʻou mo ngaue lelei he ʻikai ngaue ia kapau ʻoku ʻikai ke aʻu ki ai ha ʻuhila. Fakaʻaongaʻi ha meʻa sivi voltage ʻoku ʻikai ke fetuʻutaki pe ko ha multimeter ke vakaiʻi pe ʻoku ʻi ai ha voltage ʻi he socket ʻo e mama pe feituʻu ʻoku fehokotaki ai. Te ke lava foki ʻo fokotuʻu fakataimi ha foʻi ʻuhila ʻoku ʻiloa ʻoku ngaue ʻi he socket tatau. Kapau ʻoku ulo ʻa e foʻi ʻuhila ko ia, ʻoku ke ʻiloʻi ʻoku sai pe ʻa e circuit mo e socket, pea ko e palopalema ʻoku ʻi he maama LED. Kapau ʻoku ʻikai foki ulo ʻa e foʻi ʻuhila sivi, ko e palopalema ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e uaea ho ʻapi, ko ha meʻa meʻa ʻoku maumau, pe ko ha meʻa kamosi ʻoku maumau, pea ʻoku totonu ke ke talanoa ki ha tokotaha ngaue fakaʻuhila. Ko hoʻo fakapapauʻi pe ʻoku aʻu ʻa e malohi ki he fixture, ko e meʻa ʻoku ngalingali ko e fakaʻuli LED. Koeʻuhi ʻoku ʻi ai ha ngaahi fie maʻu pau ʻa e LEDs ki he lolotonga mo e voltage, he ʻikai ke nau lava ʻo ngaue taʻe ʻi ai ha driver ʻoku ngaue lelei. Kapau kuo maumau ʻa e ngaahi konga ʻi loto ʻo e fakaʻuli—hange ko e capacitors, rectifiers, pe control chips—he ʻikai ke ne ʻomi ʻa e malohi totonu ki he ngaahi foʻi maama ʻo e mama. ʻI he lahi taha ʻo e ngaahi naunau naʻe fokotuʻutuʻu ki he ngaahi fakaʻuli ʻe lava ke fetongi, ʻoku fakahangatonu pe ʻa e founga ke fakaleleiʻi: toʻo ʻa e fakaʻuli motuʻa pea fetongi ʻaki ha fakaʻuli foʻou ʻoku tatau hono output specifics (voltage mo e ʻau maʻu pe). Kuo pau ke fetongi kotoa ʻa e foʻi ʻuhila ki he ngaahi foʻi ʻuhila LED ʻoku fokotuʻu ʻi loto pea ʻikai lava ke fetongi.

Ko e ha ʻoku poipoila ai ʻeku maama LED pea ʻe founga fefe haʻaku fakaleleiʻi ia?

Ko ha maama ʻoku ulo ka ʻoku fakatokangaʻi ʻoku simmer ange ʻi he tuʻunga kimuʻa, pe dimmer ʻi he meʻa ʻoku totonu ke ʻi ai, ʻoku tuhu ia ki ha palopalema ʻe lava ke hoko ki he fakaʻuli pe ko e ngaahi foʻi maama ʻo e mama. Ko ha fakaʻuli ʻoku kamata ke taʻelavameʻa ʻoku ʻikai ke mate kakato ia. Ka naʻe holo ʻa e voltage pe lolotonga ʻi lalo ʻi he tuʻunga ʻoku fie maʻu. ʻOku ʻuhinga ʻeni ʻoku "siʻisiʻi hono fafangaʻi" ʻo e ngaahi foʻi kula LED, ʻo tupu ai ha fakapoʻuli tatau ʻi he maama kotoa. Ko e fakaleleiʻi ki ha fakaʻuli ʻoku ʻikai ola lelei ʻoku tatau pe ia mo ha fakaʻuli kuo mate: fetongi. Neongo ia, ko ha tupuʻanga angamaheni lahi ange ʻo ha maama poipoi, tautautefito ki ha maama ʻoku poipoila ʻi he ngaahi konga siʻisiʻi, ko e maumau ʻa e ngaahi foʻi maama fakafoʻituitui. ʻOku angamaheni ʻaki hono fokotuʻutuʻu ʻo e ngaahi foʻi maama LED ʻi ha matrix hokohoko ʻo e parallel. ʻOku ʻuhinga ʻeni ʻoku fakafehokotaki ʻa e ngaahi foʻi kula lahi ʻi ha laine (hokohoko), pea ʻoku fakafehokotaki ʻa e ngaahi laine lahi ʻi he maʻuʻanga ʻuhila (parallel). Kapau ʻe maumau ha foʻi kula ʻe taha ʻi ha afo hokohoko pea hoko ko ha circuit ʻoku ava, ʻoku ne maumauʻi ʻa e hala ki he ʻuhila, pea ʻe fakapoʻuli kotoa ʻa e afo ʻo e ngaahi foʻi kula. ʻOku fakatupu heni ha konga fakapoʻuli ʻi he mama. Kapau ʻe ʻikai feʻunga ʻa e ngaahi afo, ʻe ʻasi poipoila ʻaupito ʻa e mama kotoa. Te ke lava ʻo ʻiloʻi ʻa e foʻi foʻi mama ʻoku maumau. ʻOku faʻa ʻi ai ha kiʻi foʻi foʻi fo Ko ha fakaʻilonga ʻeni ʻo e taʻelavameʻa ʻi loto. Kapau ʻoku ke maʻu ha foʻi foʻi foʻi foʻi foʻi pulu vela, ʻoku ʻi ai haʻo ngaahi fili ke fakaleleiʻi. Kapau ʻoku ke poto ʻi ha ukamea soldering, te ke lava ʻo solder fakalelei ha uaea ʻi mui ʻi he circuit board ke fakanounouʻi ʻa e foʻi foʻi pia naʻe maumau, ʻo toʻo lelei ia mei he hokohoko pea fakaʻata ʻa e toenga ʻo e ngaahi foʻi kula ʻi he afo ko ia ke toe ulo mai. Ko ha fakaleleiʻi fakataimi pe ʻeni pea ʻe kiʻi fakalahi ai ʻa e ʻau ki he toenga ʻo e ngaahi foʻi kula. Ke maʻu ha monomono tuʻuloa mo fakapalofesinale ange, ʻoku totonu ke ke toʻo ʻa e foʻi meʻa vela pea fetongi ʻaki ha foʻi foʻi foʻou ʻo e faʻahinga tatau pe. Kapau ʻoku fuʻu lahi ʻaupito ʻa e lahi ʻo e ngaahi foʻi pia vela, ʻoku faʻa ʻaonga ange ke fetongi ʻa e LED kotoa pe ko e maama kakato.

Ko e ha hono ʻuhinga kapau ʻoku vela ha ngaahi foʻi kula LED lahi?

ʻE lava ke lau ʻa hono maʻu ʻo ha foʻi foʻi foʻi pulu vela ʻe taha ko ha fehalaaki ʻi hono ngaohi ʻo e meʻalele. Ka neongo ia, kapau ʻoku ke fakatokangaʻi kuo vela ha ngaahi foʻi foʻi foʻi foʻi fo ʻI he meimei meʻa kotoa pe, ʻoku fakatupu ʻe ha fakaʻuli ʻoku ʻikai ola lelei. ʻE lava ke kamata ke ʻomi ʻe ha fakaʻuli ʻoku fehalaaki ʻa e fuʻu lahi ʻo e ʻau pe voltage spikes. ʻOku hanga ʻe he meʻa ni ʻo "fuʻu totuʻa" ʻa e ngaahi foʻi pulu LED, ʻo tekeʻi kinautolu ʻo fakalaka atu ʻi he ngaahi fakangatangata ʻoku nau malu ai. ʻOku fakatupu ʻe he fuʻu malohi ʻa ʻenau vela mo vela vave, ʻo tuku ai ʻa e ngaahi feituʻu ʻuliʻuli ko ia. ʻI he tuʻunga ko ʻeni, ko hono fetongi pe ʻo e ngaahi foʻi foʻi foʻou ko ha fakamole taimi, he ʻoku ngalingali ʻe hoko ʻa e ngaahi foʻi foʻi foʻou ʻi he meʻa tatau mei he fakaʻuli ʻoku fehalaaki. Ko e founga totonu mo lelei pe ʻe taha ko hono tomuʻa siviʻi mo fetongi ʻa e fakaʻuli ʻoku palopalema. Ko ʻene fokotuʻu pe ha fakaʻuli foʻou, tuʻu maʻu mo totonu, te ke lava leva ʻo fakafuofuaʻi ʻa e maumau ki he LED array. Kapau naʻe uesia ha fanga kiʻi foʻi foʻi kula siʻisiʻi, te ke lava ʻo fetongi kinautolu. Kapau ʻoku lahi ʻa e maumau, mahalo ʻe lelei ange ke fetongi ʻa e misini kotoa pe ko e naunau kakato. ʻOku fakamamafaʻi ʻe he meʻa ni ʻa e fefalalaʻaki mahuʻinga ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e fakaʻuli mo e fanga kiʻi foʻi kula: ʻoku mahuʻinga ha fakaʻuli moʻui lelei ki hono maluʻi ʻo e fanga kiʻi foʻi kula.

Ko e ha ʻoku ulo pe ulo ai ʻeku maama LED hili hono tamateʻi?

Ko e taha ʻo e ngaahi palopalema fakapuputuʻu mo angamaheni taha ʻi he maama LED ko e taimi ʻoku hokohoko atu ai pe ʻa e ulo ʻa e mama neongo kuo liliu ʻa e meʻa kamosi ʻi he holisi ki he tuʻunga "tamateʻi". ʻOku meimei ko ha palopalema fakaʻuhila maʻu pe ʻa e meʻa ko ʻeni, ʻoku ʻikai ko ha palopalema ʻi he ngaahi beads LED. Ko e tupuʻanga lahi taha ko e uaea hala, tautautefito ki ha meʻa kamosi ʻoku ne puleʻi ʻa e uaea ʻoku ʻikai kau ki ai kae ʻikai ko e uaea moʻui (vela). ʻI he taimi ʻoku tuʻu ai ʻa e meʻa kamosi ʻi he laine ʻoku ʻikai kau ki ai, ʻoku hanga ʻe hono "tamateʻi" ʻo e meʻa kamosi ʻo motuhi ʻa e fehokotakiʻanga ʻoku ʻikai kau ki ha tafaʻaki, ka ʻoku kei fehokotaki pe ʻa e uaea moʻui mo fakaʻivia ʻo aʻu ki he maama ʻo e mama. ʻOku fakatupu ʻe he meʻa ni ha "phantom voltage" pe fakaʻata ha kiʻi konga siʻi ʻo e ʻau ke tafe mai ʻi he capacitance ʻo e uaea, ʻa ia ʻe lava ke feʻunga ke fakafonu ʻa e capacitors ʻo e fakaʻuli pea fakatupu ʻa e LEDs ke kemo pe ulo siʻisiʻi. Ko e founga ke fakaleleiʻi ʻaki ʻa e uaea koeʻuhi ke motuhi ʻe he meʻa kamosi ʻa e uaea moʻui (vela). Kapau ʻoku ʻikai ke ke taukei ʻi he ngaue fakaʻuhila, ko ha ngaue ʻeni maʻa ha tokotaha taukei fakaʻuhila, he ʻoku fakatuʻutamaki ʻa e ngaue ʻaki ʻa e uaea moʻui. Kapau ʻoku tonu ʻa e uaea (ʻoku ʻi he uaea moʻui ʻa e meʻa kamosi), ko e tupuʻanga angamaheni ʻe taha ko hono fakaʻaongaʻi ʻo e dimmer switch ʻoku ʻikai fenapasi mo ia. ʻOku fie maʻu ʻe he LEDs ha ngaahi meʻa makehe ʻoku fakataumuʻa ki heʻenau ngaahi kavenga fakaʻilekitulonika maʻulalo. ʻE lava ke fakatupu ha ngaahi palopalema lahi ʻi hono fakaʻaongaʻi ʻo ha dimmer motuʻa ʻoku fakataumuʻa ki he ngaahi foʻi ʻuhila vela, kau ai ʻa e flickering, ʻo aʻu ai pe ki he taimi ʻoku seti ai ʻa e dimmer ke "full on" pe "off." ʻOku faʻa fakaleleiʻi ʻa e palopalema ʻi hono fetongi ʻo e dimmer ʻaki ha LED dimmer ʻoku fenapasi mo ia.

ʻE lava fefe ʻe he self-inductance ʻo fakatupu ha LED ke ulo ʻi he taimi ʻoku mate ai?

Kapau ʻoku tonu ʻa e uaea pea ʻoku ʻikai ke ke fakaʻaongaʻi ha dimmer, ʻe lava ke fakatupu ha ulo siʻisiʻi mei ha LED hili hono tamateʻi ʻe ha meʻa ʻoku ʻiloa ko e self-inductance pe capacitive coupling. ʻE lava ke hoko ʻeni ʻi he taimi ʻoku fakahoko ai ʻa e maama LED ki ha circuit ʻoku ne toe fakaʻaongaʻi ʻa e ngaahi meʻangaue kehe, pe ʻi he taimi ʻoku lele loloa ai ʻa e keipolo. ʻE lava ke ngaue ʻa e uaea ʻi ho ngaahi holisi ʻo hange ha kiʻi capacitor siʻisiʻi pe inductor, pea ʻi he taimi ʻoku tamateʻi ai ʻa e circuit, ʻe lava ke tukuange ʻa e ivi ko ʻeni ʻi ha kiʻi pulse, ʻa ia ʻoku feʻunga ke ulo nounou ʻa e LED pelepelengesi ʻaupito. ʻOku angamaheni ʻaki ʻeni ʻi he LEDs koeʻuhi he ʻoku nau fie maʻu ha kiʻi ʻuhila siʻisiʻi ke maʻu ha mama, ʻo ʻikai hange ko e ngaahi foʻi ʻuhila ʻoku fie maʻu ha malohi lahi ange ke fakamafanaʻi ʻenau filo. Ko ha founga faingofua mo lelei ki he meʻa ni ko hono tanaki atu ha kavenga ki he circuit te ne mimisi ʻa e kiʻi ʻau hee ko ʻeni. Ko e taha ʻo e ngaahi founga faingofua taha ko hono fokotuʻu ha 220V relay (pe ko ha kiʻi snubber capacitor pe resistor, ʻoku faʻa fakatau atu ko ha meʻangaue "LED bypass") ʻi he tuʻunga tatau mo e maama ʻo e mama. ʻOku ke fakahoko hokohoko ʻa e coil ʻo e relay pe ko e meʻangaue bypass ʻi he moʻui mo e tuʻu ʻi he mama. ʻOku ʻomi ʻe he konga ko ʻeni ha hala ke tafe mai ai ʻa e fanga kiʻi ʻau iiki ʻo ʻikai fou atu ʻi he LEDs, ʻo taʻofi lelei ʻa e ulo pe kemo. Ko ha founga angamaheni mo malu ʻeni ʻoku fakaʻaongaʻi ʻe he kau ngaue fakaʻuhila ke fakaleleiʻi ʻaki ʻa e ngaahi palopalema ʻo e ghosting ʻi hono fokotuʻu ʻo e LED.

Tepile Fakanounou: Troubleshooting Common LED Malfunctions

ʻOku ʻomi ʻe he tepile ko ʻeni ha maʻuʻanga tokoni vave ki hono siviʻi mo fakaleleiʻi ʻo e ngaahi palopalema angamaheni taha ʻe tolu ʻo e maama LED.

Ko hono fakaʻosi, neongo ʻoku matuʻaki falalaʻanga ʻa e ngaahi maama LED, ʻoku ʻikai ke nau hao mei he ngaahi palopalema. ʻI he mahino ʻa e faʻunga konga ua faingofua ʻo ha LED—ʻa e fakaʻuli mo e ngaahi foʻi foʻi foʻi mama—pea vakaiʻi ʻa e ngaahi palopalema angamaheni hange ko e ʻuhila ʻo e circuit, vela mo e uaea totonu, ʻe lava ke vave hono ʻiloʻi ʻo e lahi taha ʻo e ngaahi fehalaaki. Ko e lahi, hange ko hono fetongi ʻo ha fakaʻuli pe nounou ha foʻi foʻi pula kuo mate, ʻe lava ke hoko ia ko ha fanga kiʻi fakaleleiʻi faingofua. Ko e niʻihi kehe, hange ko hono fakatonutonu ʻo e uaea ʻi ʻapi, ʻe ala fie maʻu ki ai ha tokotaha fakapalofesinale. ʻI hoʻo fakamahafu ʻaki ʻa e ʻilo ko ʻeni, te ke lava ʻo fakaleleiʻi ʻa e ngaahi palopalema LED ʻi he loto falala, fakahaofi ha paʻanga mo fakaloloa ʻa e moʻui ʻo hoʻo ʻinivesi ʻi he mama.

Ngaahi Fehuʻi ʻOku Faʻa ʻEke Fekauʻaki mo e Malfunctions ʻo e LED

ʻOku malu nai ke u feinga ke fakaleleiʻi ʻe au ha maama LED ʻoku kemo?

ʻOku malu ʻa e fanga kiʻi monomono faingofua hange ko hono fetongi ʻo ha plug-in driver pe soldering ha bypass ki ha foʻi foʻi foʻi foʻi meʻa vela kapau ʻoku ke maʻu ha tefitoʻi ʻilo fakaʻilekitulonika pea ʻoku ʻikai palaki ʻa e mama. Neongo ia, ʻoku ʻi ai ha fakatuʻutamaki ʻo e lulu ʻa e ʻuhila ʻi ha faʻahinga palopalema ʻoku kau ai hono fakaava ʻo ha circuit moʻui, vakaiʻi ʻa e uaea ʻi he meʻa kamosi, pe ngaue ʻi loto ʻi ha puha fehokotakiʻanga. Kapau ʻoku ʻikai ke ke fakapapauʻi, fetuʻutaki maʻu pe ki ha mataotao fakaʻuhila taukei.

ʻE lava nai ʻe he dimmer switch ʻo ʻai ke vave ange ʻa e mate ʻeku LED?

ʻIo, kapau ʻoku ke fakaʻaongaʻi ha dimmer ʻoku ʻikai fenapasi mo ia. ʻE lava ke ʻave ʻe he ngaahi meʻa fakaʻuli motuʻa naʻe fokotuʻutuʻu ki he ngaahi foʻi ʻuhila ʻoku ʻikai ke fuʻu mahuʻinga ki he fakaʻuli LED, ʻo fakamamafaʻi hono ngaahi konga pea ʻe lava ke iku ki he maumau vave ʻa e fakaʻuli pe vela ʻa e LED chips. Fakaʻaongaʻi maʻu pe ʻa e dimmers ʻoku fakahingoa pau ko e "LED compatible" pe "trailing-edge" dimmers.

Ko e ha ʻoku kemo ai ha niʻihi ʻo ʻeku ngaahi foʻi ʻuhila LED kae ʻikai kemo ʻa e niʻihi ʻi he circuit tatau?

ʻOku faʻa tuhu ʻeni ki ha palopalema ʻi he foʻi ʻuhila pau, hange ko ha fakaʻuli ʻoku maumau pe ko ha fehokotakiʻanga kovi ʻi loto. ʻE lava foki ke ʻi ai ha ngaahi foʻi ʻuhila ʻe niʻihi ʻoku nau ongoʻingofua ange ʻa e fanga kiʻi fetoʻaki ʻo e voltage pe inductance ʻi he circuit ko ia ʻi he niʻihi kehe. Feinga ke fetongi ʻa e foʻi ʻuhila ʻaki ha foʻi ʻuhila ʻoku ʻiloa ʻoku lelei mei ha socket ʻe taha ke ʻiloʻi pe ʻoku muimui ʻa e palopalema ʻi he foʻi ʻuhila pe nofo pe ʻi he socket.