He aha i rahua ai ngā rama LED me pēhea te whakatika
Kua whiwhi tika ngā rama LED i tō rātou wāhi hei hangarau tīramarama nui i ngā kāinga, i ngā umanga, i ngā wāhi tūmatanui. Nā tō rātou tīahoaho tiketike, te whakapaunga pūngao iti rawa, me te kaha o te oranga roa, ka noho hei kōwhiringa ātaahua i runga i ngā whiringa kōauau. Heoi anō, he pūrākau te kīanga "E mau tonu ana ngā LED". Ahakoa he pakari, he iti iho te āhua o ngā rahunga ohorere o ngā pūrama tawhito, he pūrere hiko matatini e taea ana, e mahi hē ana. Ko te rongo pai, ko te nuinga o ngā raruraru LED tino pūnoa ehara i te mea ka taea e te tangata toharite, engari ka taea hoki te whakatika, i te nuinga o te wā me ngā utauta māmā me te mōhiotanga iti. Ko te kī kei te mārama ki te hanganga taketake e rua wāhanga o te LED: ko ngā pere rama (ngā diode whakaputa mārama) me te atekōkiri (te puna hiko hiko e mahi ai). Mā te ako ki te mōhio mēnā i takea mai tētahi raruraru i te atekōkiri, i ngā pere hiko rānei, ka taea e koe te penapena moni mō ngā whakakapinga, te whakaiti i te moumou hiko, me te whakaora wawe i tō tīrama. Mā tēnei aratohu koe e ārahi i roto i ngā amuamu auau e toru—ngā rama e kore e whakakā, ngā rama kua rehurehu, me ngā rama e kōpura ana, e mura rānei i muri i te whakawetotanga—e whakarato ana i ngā rongoā mārama, ā-taahiraa mō ia.
He aha ngā wae uho o te rama LED?
I mua i te ruku ki te raparongoā, he mea nui kia mārama ki te hoahoa ā-roto taketake o tētahi rama LED, taputapu rānei. Ahakoa he pūrama kāinga iti, he rama paepae, he rama nui rānei, he ōrite ngā wae taketake. Ko te wae matua tuatahi ko ngā pere rama, e kīia ana ko te maramara LED, te pūkaha mārama rānei. Ki te whakatuwhera koe i te diffuser, i te pūkaha kirihou rānei o tētahi pūrama LED, ka kite koe i tētahi papa ara iahiko, i te nuinga o te wā ka hipokina ki te koti kōwhai. He phosphor tēnei rauemi kōwhai, ā, kei raro iho ko ngā maramara LED kikorangi tūturu. Ka tahuri te phosphor i ētahi o taua rama kikorangi ki ētahi atu tae hei waihanga i te rama mā e kitea ana e tātau. Ko te tau, te kounga, me te whakaritenga o ēnei pere rama te whakatau matua o te tīahoaho me te kounga o te mārama. Ko te wae tuarua, ā, he tino nui, ko te atekōkiri. Ko te nuinga o te wā ka hunaia tēnei ki te pūtake o te pūrama, ki tētahi wāhanga motuhake rānei o tētahi maunga nui ake. He mea hiko mātauranga te atekōkiri. Ko tana mahi ko te tahuri i te hiko matua AC ngaohiko tiketike taumai (hei tauira, 120V, 220V rānei) ki te hiko DC ngaohiko iti (i raro iho i te 50V) e hiahiatia ana e ngā pere LED. Ko te mea nui ake, ka mahi hei pūtake auau o nāianei, me te whakarite kia whiwhi ngā LED i tētahi rere hiko pūmau, kua whakaritea, e pare ana i a rātou i ngā tārere tūkino. Ka puta mai tētahi raruraru ki tētahi o ēnei wae e rua hei hapa rama.
Me aha ina kore tō rama LED e whakakā?
He raruraru noa iho, he raruraru whakapōrearea hoki te rama LED kua mate katoa—kāore he tohu ora ina takahurihia te whakakā. Heoi anō, i mua i tō whakaaro ko te rama tonu te whakapae, ko te hipanga tuatahi o te raparongoā ko te manatoko i te ara iahiko. Ahakoa kāore he rama hōu e mahi ana mēnā kāore he hiko e tae atu ana. Whakamahia he whakamātau ngaohiko kore-whakapā, he ine maha rānei hei tirotiro mēnā he ngaohiko kei te kōhao o te rama, i te wāhi tūhononga rānei. Ka taea hoki e koe te tāuta rangitahi i tētahi pūrama mahi e mōhiotia ana ki te kōhao kotahi. Mēnā ka mura taua pūrama, e mōhio ana koe kei te pai te ara iahiko me te kōhao, ā, kei roto tonu te raruraru i te rama LED. Ki te kore hoki te pūrama whakamātautau e mura, ko te raru kei te taura tō kāinga, te kaiwhati takahuri, te whakakā hē rānei, ā, me kōrero koe ki tētahi kaihiko. Ina whakaū koe kei te tae te hiko ki te maunga, ko te tino hara ko te atekōkiri LED. Nā te mea he whakaritenga o nāianei me te ngaohiko tauwhāiti tā ngā LED, kāore e taea te mahi ki te kore he atekōkiri mahi tika. Mēnā kua rahua ngā wae ā-roto o te atekōkiri—pēnei i ngā pūkaha, ngā whakatikatika, ngā maramara mana rānei—kāore e puta te hiko tika ki ngā pere rama. I te nuinga o ngā taputapu i hoahoatia mō ngā atekōkiri ka taea te whakakapi, he māmā te rongoā: momotu i te atekōkiri tawhito ka whakakapi ki tētahi mea hōu e ōrite ana ngā whakaritenga huaputa (ngaohiko me te au auau). Mō ngā pūrama LED tāpiri e hanga-roto ana, e kore e taea te whakakapi, me whakakapi te pūrama katoa.
He aha i hina ai taku rama LED, ā, me pēhea e taea ai e au te whakatika?
Ko te rama e kā ana, engari he hina ake i te mea e tika ana, e tohu ana ki tētahi raruraru tērā pea kei te atekōkiri, i ngā pere rama rānei. Kāore pea te atekōkiri e tīmata ana ki te hinga i te tino mate. Engari, kua heke pea tōna ngaohiko huaputa, o nāianei rānei ki raro iho i te taumata e hiahiatia ana. Ko te tikanga o tēnei kei te "whāngai-iti" ngā pere LED, ka puta he pouri ōrite puta noa i te rama katoa. He rite tonu te whakatika mō te atekōkiri hē ki te mea mate: te whakakapinga. Heoi anō, ko te take noa iho o te rama rehurehu, otirā ko te rahunga o ia rama rama. Ko te tikanga ka raupapatia ngā pere rama LED ki tētahi poukapa rangatū-whakarara. Ko te tikanga o tēnei he maha ngā pere e tūhono ana ki tētahi raina (rangatū), ā, he maha ngā raina e tūhono ana puta noa i te puna hiko (whakarara). Ki te hinga tētahi pere kotahi i roto i te aho rangatū, ā, ka tuwhera te ara hiko, ā, ka pouri katoa te aho o ngā beads. Ka waihanga tēnei i tētahi wāhanga pōuri i runga i te rama. Ki te nui ngā aho, ka tino hina te rama katoa. Ka taea e koe te kite ā-ari i tētahi pere rama rahua. I te nuinga o te wā he ira pango iti, motuhake i waenganui. He tohu tēnei o te rahunga ā-roto. Mēnā ka kitea e koe he pere tahuna, e rua ō kōwhiringa tapi. Mēnā he pai ki a koe te rino whakawera, ka taea e koe te āta whakapiri i tētahi waea puta noa i muri o te papa ara iahiko hei ara poto i te pere rahua. He whakatika rangitahi tēnei, ā, ka iti ake te whakanui i te au ki ngā pere e toe ana. Mō tētahi tapi pūmau ake, ngaio hoki, me whakapiri e koe te pere tahuna ka whakakapi ki tētahi mea hou o te momo ōrite. Mēnā he nui rawa te maha o ngā pere tahuna, he pai ake te whakakapi i te huānga LED katoa, i te rama katoa rānei.
He aha te tikanga mēnā ka tahuna ngā pere LED maha?
Ka taea te whakaaro he hēnga whakanao matapōkere te kimi i tētahi pere LED tahuna kotahi. Heoi anō, mēnā ka kite koe he maha ngā pere kua tahuna, mēnā rānei me whakakapi koe i ngā pere, he tohu kaha tēnei o tētahi raruraru hōhonu ake, pūnaha. I te nuinga o ngā take, he maha ngā pere tahuna nā tētahi atekōkiri hē. Ka tīmata te atekōkiri hē ki te whakaputa i ngā tara nui rawa o nāianei, ngaohiko rānei. Mā tēnei e "whakanui" i ngā pere LED, ka pana atu ki tua atu i ō rātou tepe mahi haumaru. Na te kaha rawa ka wera, ka tere te wera, ka mahue i aua wāhi pango āhuatanga. I tēnei tauari, he moumou wā te whakakapi noa i ngā pere tahuna, nā te mea ka pā pea ngā pere hou ki te atekōkiri hē. Ko te rongoā tika, ko te tātari tuatahi me te whakakapi i te atekōkiri raru. Ina tāutatia tētahi atekōkiri hōu, pūmau, whakatauranga tika, ka taea e koe te aromatawai i te tūkinotanga o te huānga LED. Mēnā he ruarua noa iho ngā pere i pāngia, ka taea e koe te whakakapi. Mēnā he nui te tūkinotanga, he pai ake pea te whakakapi i te mīhini mārama katoa, i te taputapu katoa rānei. Ka whakamiramiratia e tēnei te whakawhirinaki nui i waenganui i te atekōkiri me ngā pere rama: he mea nui te atekōkiri hauora hei pare i ngā pere.
He aha taku rama LED e kōpura ana, e mura ana rānei i muri i te whakawetotanga?
Ko tētahi o ngā take tino pōrearea, pūnoa hoki o te tīramarama LED ko te kōpura tonu, te kōhiko, te mura rānei ahakoa kua hurihia te whakakā pakitara ki te tūnga "weto". He take hiko tēnei tītohunga i ngā wā katoa, ehara i te raruraru ki ngā pere LED. Ko te take tino auau ko te waea hē, otirā ko te whakakā e whakahaere ana i te waea kūpapa, kaua ko te waea ora (wera). Ina kei te raina kūpapa te whakakā, ka whati te whakakā i te tūhononga kūpapa, engari kei te tūhono tonu te waea ora, ā, kei te kaha tonu te waea ora ki te maunga rama. Ka waihanga tēnei i tētahi "ngaohiko kēhua", ka āhei rānei tētahi iti o nāianei ki te māturu i roto i te kaha taka noa o te taura, e nui ana hei whakahiko i ngā pūkaha o te atekōkiri, ā, ka kōpura ngoikore rānei ngā LED. Ko te rongoā ko te whakatika i te waea kia haukoti ai te whakakā i te waea ora (wera). Mēnā kāore koe i te mōhio ki te mahi hiko, he mahi tēnei mā tētahi kaimahi hiko mātauranga, he mōrearea hoki te mahi me ngā waea ora. Mēnā kei te tika te waea (kei runga te whakakā i te waea ora), ko tētahi atu take noa ko te whakamahinga o tētahi whakakā dimmer hototahi. E hiahiatia ana e ngā LED he dimmer motuhake mō ngā kawenga hiko iti. Mā te whakamahi i tētahi dimmer tapa tawhito mō ngā pūrama kākano ka puta pea he maha ngā take, tae atu ki te kōpuro, ahakoa kua tautuhia te dimmer ki te "kā katoa", ki te "weto rānei." Mā te whakakapi i te dimmer ki tētahi dimmer LED hototahi ka whakatika i te raruraru.
Me pēhea e mura ai tētahi LED ina weto?
Mēnā e tika ana te taura, ā, kāore koe i te whakamahi i te dimmer, ka puta mai te mura ngoikore o te LED i muri i te whakawetotanga nā tētahi tītohunga e mōhiotia ana ko te inductance whaiaro, te hononga capacitive rānei. Ka puta tēnei ina tūhono te rama LED ki tētahi ara iahiko e whakamana ana hoki i ētahi atu pūrere, ina uru rānei ngā oma taura roa. Ka taea e ngā waea i ō pakitara te mahi pēnei i tētahi pūkaha iti, i tētahi kōkuhu rānei, ā, ina whakaweto te ara iahiko, ka taea e tēnei pūngao penapena te tuku i roto i tētahi mokowhiti iti. He pūnoa ake tēnei ki ngā LED nā te mea he iti noa iho te nui o te au hei whakaputa i te mārama. Ko tētahi whakatika māmā, pai hoki mō tēnei ko te tāpiri i tētahi kawenga ki te ara iahiko ka ngongo i tēnei au taka noa. Ko tētahi o ngā tikanga tino māmā ko te tāuta i tētahi tānga 220V (he pūkaha iti rānei, he ātete rānei, e hokona ana hei pūrere "karo LED") hei whakarara ki te taputapu rama. Ka tūhono koe i te coil o te tānga i roto i te rangatū, i te pūrere hipa rānei puta noa i te ora me te kūpapa i te mārama. Mā tēnei wae e whakarato he ara mō ngā au poapoa iti kia rere me te kore e puta i roto i ngā LED, e pēhi pai ana i te mura, i te kōpura rānei. He rongoā noa iho, haumaru hoki tēnei e whakamahia ana e ngā kaihiko hei whakatika i ngā take wairua i roto i ngā tāutanga LED.
Ripanga Whakarāpopoto: Raparongoā mō ngā Hapa LED Pūnoa
Ko te ripanga e whai ake nei he tohutoro tere mō te tātari me te whakaoti i ngā raruraru rama LED e toru.
| Hapa | Te Take Tūpono | Hipanga Tātaritanga | Rongoā |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kāore i te Whakakā | 1. Kāore he hiko ki te ara iahiko. 2. I rahua te atekōkiri. |
1. Whakamātauria te kōhao ki tētahi atu pūrama. 2. Mēnā kei konei te hiko, kei te pōhēhē te atekōkiri. |
1. Tautuhi anō i te whati/whakatika i te taura. 2. Whakakapia te atekōkiri LED, te pūrama katoa rānei. |
| He hina te mārama | 1. Atekōkiri rahua (huaputa iti). 2. Ngā pere rama kua tahuna. |
1. He ōrite te rehurehu? Tirohia te atekōkiri. 2. He pūrehurehu pouri/wāhi pango? Tirohia ngā pere. |
1. Whakakapia te atekōkiri. 2. Whakapotohia, whakakapi rānei i ngā pere tahuna. |
| Kōpura / Mura Ina Weto | 1. Whakakāngia te waea kūpapa. 2. Dimmer hotokore 3. Te whakahekenga whaiaro. |
1. Tirohia te waea i te whakakā. 2. Tirohia mēnā kua tāutatia he dimmer. 3. Mēnā kei te pai te taura/dimmer, tērā pea ko te inductance. |
1. Whakatika i te waea (ora ki te whakawhiti). 2. Whakakapia ki te dimmer hototahi-LED. 3. Tāutatia he pūkaha karo/tāpae. |
I te mutunga, ahakoa he tino pono ngā rama LED, kāore i te ārai i ngā raruraru. Mā te mārama ki te hanganga ngāwari e rua wāhanga o tētahi LED—te atekōkiri me ngā pere rama—me te tirotiro ā-tikanga mō ngā take noa pēnei i te hiko ara iahiko, ngā pere tahuna, me ngā waea tika, ka tere te tātari i te nuinga o ngā hē. He maha, pēnei i te whakakapi i tētahi atekōkiri, i te poto rānei i tētahi pere mate, he whakatika DIY ngāwari. Ko ētahi atu, pēnei i te whakatika i ngā waea kāinga, ka hiahiatia pea he tohunga. Mā tēnei mōhiotanga, ka taea e koe te rutu i ngā raruraru LED me te maia, te penapena moni me te whakaroa i te oranga o tō pūtea rama.
Ngā pātai auau mō ngā hapa LED
He haumaru te ngana ki te whakatika i tētahi rama LED kōpura i a au anō?
He haumaru ngā tapi ngāwari pēnei i te whakakapi i tētahi atekōkiri mono-mai, te whakapiri rānei i tētahi hipa mō tētahi pere tahuna, mēnā he mōhiotanga ā-hiko taketake koe, ā, kua momotu te rama. Heoi anō, ko ngā raparongoā e pā ana ki te whakatuwhera i tētahi ara iahiko ora, te tirotiro i ngā waea i te whakakā, te mahi rānei i roto i tētahi pouaka tūtakinga, ka mōrearea te tumeke hiko. Ki te kore koe e mōhio, kōrero ki tētahi kaimahi hiko mātauranga i ngā wā katoa.
Ka taea e te whakakā hina te whakawera tere ake i taku LED?
Āe, mēnā kei te whakamahi koe i tētahi dimmer hototahi. Ka taea e ngā dimmer tawhito i hangaia mō ngā pūrama incandescent te tuku i ngā tara hiko tōtika ki te atekōkiri LED, e whakakaha ana i ōna mōtete, ā, ka puta pea ki te rahunga atekōkiri moata, ki ngā maramara LED tahuna rānei. Whakamahia ngā dimmer i ngā wā katoa kua tapaina motuhake hei "hototahi LED", "tapa-whai" rānei.
He aha ētahi o aku pūrama LED e kōpura ana, ā, kāore ētahi i runga i te ara iahiko kotahi?
I te nuinga o te wā e tohu ana tēnei ki tētahi raruraru ki te pūrama motuhake, pēnei i te atekōkiri hē, i te hononga ā-roto kino rānei. Tērā pea he tairongo ake ētahi pūrama ki ngā tāreretanga ngaohiko iti, ki te inductance rānei i runga i taua ara iahiko i ētahi atu. Me ngana ki te whakawhiti i te pūrama kōpura ki tētahi mea pai e mōhiotia ana mai i tētahi atu kōhao kia kite mēnā ka whai te raru i te pūrama, ka noho rānei ki te kōhao.
