Te Hina Tē Mōhiotia o ngā LED Tino Pai
Kua hurihia e te rama LED te āhua o tā mātou whakamārama i tō tātou ao, e tuku ana i te tōtika pūngao tōtika me ngā roanga o te ora ka taea te toro atu mō ngā tekau tau. Heoi anō, ahakoa tō rātou hangarau hōhonu, ehara ngā rama LED i te tūpāpaku. Ko tētahi wheako noa iho mō te tokomaha o ngā kaiwhakamahi ko te kite kua āta hina haere ā rātou rama LED, taputapu rānei i te roanga o te wā, kua hanga rānei i ngā pūrei pouri. Ko tēnei tītohunga, e ngaro ai te rama LED i tōna mōhinuhinu taketake, ka whakapōrearea, i muri iho i te haumi i te mea i kīa mai he rongoā roa. Heoi anō, ehara tēnei pouri i te takahanga matapōkere; ko te nuinga o te wā ko te hua o tētahi o ngā take matua e toru: he atekōkiri hē, te wera ā-tinana o ia maramara LED, te tukanga māori rānei o te whakahekenga lumen. Ko te mārama ki ēnei take motuhake e toru he kī ki te tātari i te raruraru, ki te whakatau mēnā ka taea te whakatika, me te mōhio ki ngā mea hei kimi ina hoko hua LED ā muri ake kia whiwhi ai koe i te mahinga roa rawa, tino pono hoki. Ka hōhonu tēnei aratohu ki ia take, e whakamārama ana i te "he aha" i muri i te hina me te tuku mōhiotanga ā-ringa ki ngā rongoā me te āraitanga.
He pēhea te atekōkiri LED e hina ai, e hinga rānei ngā rama?
Kei te ngākau o ia rama LED e haere ana i runga i te hiko matua (pēnei i te 120V, 220V AC rānei i roto i o tātau kāinga) he wae nui e kiia nei ko te atekōkiri LED. Ko te maramara LED he pūrere DC ngaohiko iti, i te nuinga o te wā e hiahiatia ana kia iti iho i te 20 volts hei mahi. Ko to mātau hiko kāinga he AC ngaohiko tiketike. E rua ngā mahi a te atekōkiri: tuatahi, ki te whakatika i te hiko AC ki DC, me te tuarua, ki te hīpae i te ngaohiko tiketike ki te ngaohiko iti, haumaru e hiahiatia ana e ngā LED. Engari ko tana mahi tino nui ko te whakarato i tētahi au taimau. He pūrere ā-nāianei ngā LED, ā, ko ngā tāreretanga iti o nāianei ka tino pā ki tō tīahoaho me te roanga o te ora. Ka whakaū te atekōkiri kounga tiketike i te rere pūmau, pūmau hoki o te hiko. I roto i te ariā, ki te ōrite tonu ngā tawhā hiko o te atekōkiri ki ngā whakaritenga o te huānga LED, me whakarato i te mahi kore raruraru mō ngā tau maha. Heoi anō, he matatini te ara iahiko ā-roto o te atekōkiri, kei roto ngā wae pēnei i ngā pūkaha, ngā whakatikatika, ngā panoni, me ngā ara iahiko tautoko. He mutunga te roanga o te ora o ia mōtete, ā, ka taea te pākaha ki te hau wera, te ngaohiko, me te mau me te roimata whānui. Hei tauira, ko ngā pūkaha hiko, he mea noa iho i roto i ngā atekōkiri, he tino ngāwari ki te maroke me te ngaro i tō rātou kaha i roto i te wā, i roto hoki i ngā taiao wera tiketike. Ina tīmata te hinganga o ētahi o ēnei wae ā-roto, ka tūkino pea te ngaohiko huaputa, o nāianei rānei o te atekōkiri. Tērā pea ka taka ki raro i te taumata e hiahiatia ana, ka ōrite te hina o te rama katoa. Koinei tētahi o ngā take tino pūnoa kia pōuri haere ai te rama LED me te kore e wera ngā LED takitahi.
He aha ngā tohu o te rahunga atekōkiri, ā, ka taea te whakatika?
Ko te rahunga atekōkiri te hapa tino auau i roto i ngā rama LED, ā, he maha ngā huarahi e kitea ana. Ko te tohu tino mārama ko te rama kua tino hina puta noa i te taputapu katoa. Tērā pea ka kite koe i te kōpuro, e tohu ana kei te uaua te atekōkiri ki te pupuri i tētahi au auau. I ētahi wā, ka whakakā pea te rama engari ka whakaweto i muri i ētahi hēkona, meneti rānei hei parenga wera, ā-nāianei rānei i roto i ngā haerenga o te atekōkiri. Ko te tangi kōruru e ahu mai ana i te pūtake o te rama, i te whare atekōkiri rānei, ka taea hoki te tohu o te hau, te rahunga rānei o te wae ā-roto. Ko te rongo pai, ko te atekōkiri rahua, hapa rānei te raruraru māmā rawa ki te whakatika, mēnā ka hoahoatia te rama ki tētahi atekōkiri ka taea te whakakapi. I roto i te maha o ngā taputapu LED arumoni, ahumahi hoki, he wae kōwae motuhake te atekōkiri ka taea te tango me te whakakapi ki tētahi mea hōu e tika ana ngā whakaritenga huaputa. Mō ētahi pūrama LED kōeke kiritaki, ka hangaia te atekōkiri ki roto i te pūtake, ā, kāore e taea te whakakapi, ko te tikanga me maka te pūrama katoa. Heoi anō, mō ngā taputapu nui ake pēnei i ngā rama paepae, ngā rama waipuke, ngā rama tiriti rānei, ko te whakakapi i te atekōkiri he whakatikatika utu e taea ai te hoatu i te rama he oranga hou. Ina whakakapi i tētahi atekōkiri, he mea nui kia ōrite ki te ngaohiko huaputa, ā, ko te mea nui rawa, ko te whakatauranga auau o nāianei ki ngā whakaritenga o te huānga LED kia kore ai e tūkino i te atekōkiri hōu, i ngā LED rānei.
He aha ngā maramara LED takitahi e wera ana, ā, ka pouri?
Ehara te rama LED, te maunga rānei i te pūtake mārama kotahi, monolithic; he huānga o ngā maramara LED takitahi, i ētahi wā he tini, he rau rānei. Ko te tikanga ka raupapatia ēnei rīpene ki tētahi whirihoranga rangatū-whakarara. Ko te tikanga o tēnei he maha ngā maramara e tūhono ana ki tētahi aho (rangatū), kātahi ka tūhono whakarara ngā aho maha. Mā tēnei hoahoa e āhei ai te maunga ki te mahi i tētahi ngaohiko ā-ringa me te whakarato whakahōutanga. Heoi anō, ka waihanga hoki i tētahi whakararurarutanga. Ki te hinga tētahi maramara LED kotahi, ā, ka noho hei ara iahiko tuwhera, ka pouri te aho rangatū katoa nā te mea kua pakaru te ara hiko. Mā tēnei e kitea he wāhanga pōuri i runga i te paepae mārama, he whakaiti nui rānei i te putanga mārama katoa mai i te rama waipuke. I te nuinga o te wā, he ngāwari noa iho te tāutu ā-ari i tētahi maramara LED rahua. Ina wera te LED, ka puta he wāhi pango iti, he pōuri rānei i runga i tōna mata phosphor kōwhai. I takea tēnei nā te wera me te wera o te takawaenga ā-roto, te waea here rānei. Ko te kimi i tētahi maramara tahuna he take o te āta tirotiro. Mēnā ka kitea e koe tētahi, tērā pea ka taea e tētahi tangata whakatika pūkenga te whakatika mā te āta whakapiri i tētahi waea puta noa i muri o te papa ara iahiko hei ara poto i te maramara rahua, kia pai ai te tango mai i te aho rangatū. Ka hipa tēnei i te wae mate me te whakaora hiko ki te toenga o ngā rīpene i roto i taua aho. Heoi anō, he whakatika mārire tēnei, ā, ka rere ngā rīpene e toe ana i taua aho i tētahi au teitei ake, ka whakapoto pea i tō rātou oranga. Ko tētahi whakatika pūmau ake, tika hoki ko te whakakore i te maramara rahua me te whakakapi ki tētahi mea hōu o ngā whakaritenga ōrite.
Ina tohu ngā rīwai tahuna i tētahi raru atekōkiri hōhonu ake
Ahakoa ka puta matapōkeretia tētahi maramara LED tahuna kotahi nā tētahi hēnga whakanao, he haki whero nui mēnā ka kite koe i ngā rīpene maha e wera ana, mēnā rānei ka pāngia tētahi maunga i ngā rahunga maramara auau. He mea noa iho te tatauranga mō tētahi LED ki te tahu takitahi i te wā kotahi i raro i ngā āhuatanga pūnoa. Mēnā he auau, he whānui rānei te raruraru, he tohu tonu tērā o tētahi atekōkiri hē, kāore rānei i te ōrite tika. Koinei tētahi atu whakaaturanga nui o te rahunga atekōkiri: kaua e hina noa, ka tīmata pea te atekōkiri ki te whakaputa i ngā tara nui rawa o nāianei, ngaohiko rānei. Mā tēnei e whakahaere i ngā rīpene LED, e pana ana i a rātou ki tua atu i ō rātou tepe mahi haumaru. Na te nui o te au ka wera rawa, ka wera, i te nuinga o te wā, ka mahue i aua wāhi pango. I tēnei tauari, he mahi huakore te whakakapi noa i ngā rīwai tahuna, nā te mea ka pā pea ngā rīpene hōu ki te tūponotanga ōrite ina tukuna e te atekōkiri hē tētahi atu pātō. Ko te rongoā tika, ko te rongoā tūturu anake ko te tātari tuatahi me te whakakapi i te atekōkiri hē. Ina tāutatia tētahi atekōkiri pūmau, whakatauranga tika, ka taea e koe te haere tonu ki te whakakapi i ngā maramara tahuna, i te nuinga rānei, ka pai ake pea te whakakapi i te huānga LED katoa, i te pūkaha mārama rānei mēnā he nui te tūkinotanga. Ko tēnei whakawhitiwhiti i waenganui i te atekōkiri me ngā rīpene e whakamārama ana i te hauora o te pūnaha katoa.
He aha te whakahekenga lumen me te aha i pōuri ai te pōuriuri?
Ko te take tuatoru me te tino kore e mōhiotia kia pouri te rama LED ko tētahi tītohunga e mōhiotia ana ko te whakahekenga lumen. Kāore i te rite ki te rahunga ohorere o te atekōkiri, ki te wera whakaharahara rānei o te maramara, he tukanga pōturi, āta whakahekenga rānei. Ko te pakeke tūturu o te LED anō. Ko ngā pūtake mārama katoa, mai i te rā ki ngā pūrama kākano, e pā ana ki tēnei, engari he tino rerekē te tere. Tērā pea ka kitea e te pūrama kākano te hina i roto i tōna oranga poto, engari he pōturi ake te whakahekenga o te LED, koia te take i uaua ai te kite mā te whatu tahanga i ia rā. Ko te whakahekenga lumen i takea mai i te pōturi o te whakahekenga o ngā rauemi i roto i te maramara LED me tōna koti phosphor. Ko te rama kikorangi pūngao tiketike i hangaia i roto i te maramara ka āta whakahekea te rauemi semiconductor me ngā resins epoxy e whakamahia ana hei kōpani. Ko te phosphor, e tahuri ana i ētahi o taua rama kikorangi ki te kōwhai hei waihanga i te mārama mā, ka pōturi hoki te ngaro o tōna kaha. Ko te tikanga o tēnei, neke atu i te tekau mano haora, ka iti iho te kaha o te maramara ki te tahuri hiko ki te mārama. He tino pai te "tiaki lumen" o ngā LED kounga tiketike mai i ngā kaiwhakanao rongonui, ko te tikanga he pōturi rawa te whakapeka o te huaputa mārama. I te nuinga o te wā ka whakatauria kia tae ki te L70 (70% o te tīahoaho tuatahi) i muri i te 50,000 hāora, neke atu rānei. Heoi anō, kāore tēnei mokatere i te pūmau mō ngā LED katoa.
He aha ngā take e whakatere ana i te whakahekenga lumen i roto i ngā LED?
Ahakoa e kore e taea te whakaheke i ētahi taumata o te whakahekenga lumen, he tino whakawhirinaki tōna tere ki ngā āhuatanga mahi, ko te nuinga o te wera. Ko te hoariri nui rawa o te LED ko te pāmahana tiketike. Ko te pāmahana tūtakinga o tētahi maramara LED (te pāmahana i te wāhi e hangaia ai te mārama) te atekōkiri matua o tōna tere whakahekenga. Ko te wera ake o te maramara, ko te tere ake o te whakaheke o ōna rawa, ā, ka tere ake te ngaro o te tīahoaho. Koinei te take i tino nui ai te whakahaere wera—te hoahoa o ngā totohu wera me te whakarato i te rerenga hau—i roto i ngā taputapu LED. Mā tētahi rama i hoahoatia paitia me tētahi totohu wera nui, māia hoki e whakamātao ngā maramara LED, me te whakarite kia pōturi te whakahekenga i roto i tō rātou oranga kua whakaritea. I tua atu, ka taea e tētahi rama LED iti iho, tētahi rānei e iti ana te wera (tērā pea i tāutatia ki tētahi taputapu kōpani, kāore i hoahoatia), ka tino wera. I ēnei take, ka tino tere te whakahekenga o te lumen. Tērā pea ka ngaro te 30% o tōna tīahoaho i roto i ngā mano haora ruarua noa iho, kaua ko te 50,000. He take noa iho tēnei ki ngā hua LED utu iti, kāore he ingoa e tapahia ai ngā kokonga i runga i te hoahoa wera. Nā reira, ahakoa ko te whakahekenga lumen te take "māori" o te pouri, ko tōna tere he whakaata hāngai o te kounga o te maramara LED, ā, ko te mea nui ake, ko te pai o te whakahaere wera o te maunga. Mā te haumi i tētahi hua kounga mai i tētahi toa rongonui pēnei i te OAK LED ka pōturi rawa te pouri "māori" kia tata kore ai e kitea i roto i ngā tau maha o te ratonga.
Te tātari i ngā take matua e toru mō te pouri LED
Ko te ripanga e whai ake nei he tohutoro tere hei wehe i waenga i ngā take matua e toru o ngā rama LED e hina ana.
| Te take o te pouri | Ngā Tohu Tuatahi | Ngā Tīwhiri Arokite | Rongoā Pūnoa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rahunga Atekōkiri | Uniform dimming across the whole fixture, flickering, buzzing, or complete failure to light. | Kāore he tūkinotanga kitea ki ngā maramara LED; ka hina te mārama, ka kōpura rānei te katoa. | Whakakapia te atekōkiri LED ki tētahi wae hōu e ōrite tika ana. |
| Ngā Rīwai LED Tahuna | Ngā wāhi pōuri, ngā wāhanga, ngā pūrei rānei i te paepae mārama; kua whakahekea te tīahoaho katoa engari kāore i te taurite. | Ngā wāhi pango e kitea ana, te whakarerekētanga rānei i runga i te mata o ia maramara LED. | Arawhiti poto i te maramara mate (rangitahi), whakakapia rānei. Mēnā he auau, tirohia te atekōkiri i te tuatahi. |
| Whakahekenga Lumen | He tino āta haere, he ōrite te hina i roto i ngā tau e whakamahia ana. Kāore he huringa ohorere, he kōpura rānei. | Kāore he hēnga e kitea ana; kāore te mārama i te tīaho pērā i te wā hou. | Kāore he (koroheketanga māori). Āraitanga: hokona ngā LED kounga me te whakahaere wera pai. |
I te mutunga, ko te rama LED pouri he karere mai i te maunga, e kōrero ana i tētahi pūrākau mō ngā mea e puta ana i roto. Tērā pea he atekōkiri hauā, he torutoru noa iho ngā hōia hinga (rīwai tahuna), te wā noa iho rānei (whakahekenga lumen). Mā te ako ki te pānui i ngā tohu—te āhua o te rehurehu, te aroaro o ngā wāhi pango, te pōturi rānei o ngā tau—ka taea e koe te tātari tika i te raruraru. Mā tēnei mōhiotanga koe e whakamana ki te mahi i tētahi tapi māmā, pai hoki, pēnei i te whakawhiti atekōkiri, ki te whakatau rānei mō te whakakapinga, me te maumahara i ngā wā katoa ko te kounga o te hokonga tuatahi te parenga pai rawa atu ki te pouri moata.
Ngā pātai auau mō te pouri LED
Ka taea te whakatika i tētahi rama LED rehurehu, me whakakapi rānei e au te mea katoa?
Kei te āhua tonu o te take. Mēnā kua rahua te atekōkiri, ā, he wae ka taea te whakakapi, he ngāwari, he utu hoki te whakatika. Mēnā ka tahuna ētahi rīwai, ka taea e te tangata pūkenga te whakakapi. Heoi anō, mēnā kei te pāngia te rama i te whakahekenga o te lumen hōhonu, mēnā rānei kua whakaurua te atekōkiri, ā, kāore e taea te whakakapi, ko te whakakapi i te katoa o te maunga, te pūrama rānei te rongoā tino māia.
He wāhi pango tō taku rama LED i ētahi o ngā rīwai. He aha te tikanga o tēnei?
Ko ngā wāhi pango i runga i tētahi maramara LED he tohu tauhira o te wera. Kua wera rawa te maramara, ā, kua hinga, i te nuinga o te wā nā tētahi hēnga whakanao, i te nuinga rānei, nā te mea i whakanuia e tētahi atekōkiri hē. Ki te kite koe i tētahi, tērā pea kua pau taua maramara anake, tōna aho rangatū rānei. Ki te kite koe i te tokomaha, ko te atekōkiri te tino hara.
Me pēhea e ārai ai au i te tere rawa o te hina o aku rama LED?
Ko te ārai pai rawa atu ko te hoko i ngā hua LED kounga tiketike mai i ngā kaiwhakanao rongonui e whakamahi ana i te whakahaere wera pai (ngā totohu wera tika). Me mātua whakarite hoki kua tāutatia te maunga kia tika ai te hauora. Kaua e whakamahi i ngā LED i roto i ngā taputapu kōpani, kāore i te hāora, engari rawa mēnā ka whakatauria mō taua take, nā te mea ka tino whakatere te whakahekenga o te lumen i te wera mau.
