He aha te LED PWM Dimming me te aha i tino whakamahia ai?

Kua noho te hina PWM, he poto mō te hina o te Modulation Whānui Mokowhiti, hei hangarau kaha, matua hoki i te ao o te tīramarama LED, otirā i roto i ngā hua atekōkiri LED me ngā hua putunga hiko. I tōna uho, he tikanga whakahaere i te tīahoaho o tētahi LED mā te whakakā tere i te rama, i te whakaweto hoki. Kāore i te rite ki te hina tairitenga tūturu, e whakaiti ana i te tīahoaho mā te whakaheke tonu i te rere o nāianei mā te LED, ka whakamahia e te hina PWM tētahi tohu mamati kia taea ai te pānga ōrite. Mā tēnei rerekētanga taketake e hoatu ai ki a PWM ētahi painga nui, koia te tikanga e manakohia ana mō ngā taupānga maha, mai i te tīramarama hoahoa me ngā taputapu atamira ki ngā pūrama kiritaki me te whakaatu i te rama whakamuri. He ngāwari noa iho te mātāpono, engari ko tōna whakatinanatanga he tūpato te whārite o ngā hiko me te whakaaro tangata kia taea ai te hina māeneene, te kōpuro, me te tae ōrite. He mea nui te mārama ki te mahi a PWM, ōna kaha, me ōna hēnga tūpono mō te tangata e pā ana ki te whakapūtā, te hoahoa, te tāuta rānei i ngā pūnaha rama LED kounga tiketike.

He pēhea te mahi a te PWM dimming i te taumata ara iahiko?

He huatau, he ngāwari hoki te mātāpono taketake o te hina PWM i roto i tētahi ara iahiko LED māia. Whakaarohia tētahi ara iahiko ngāwari e whai ana i tētahi pūtake taimau, he aho LED, me tētahi transistor MOS (he momo whakakā hiko). Ka tūhonotia te pūtake taimau o nāianei ki te pito (taha tōrunga) o te aho LED, me te whakarite kia katia te ara iahiko, ka whiwhi ngā LED i tētahi au pūmau, pū hoki. E tūhono ana te cathode (taha tōraro) o te aho LED ki te wai o te transistor MOS, ā, ka tūhono te pūtake o te transistor ki te whenua. Ko te kuwaha o te transistor MOS te pūwāhi mana. Ka hoatu tētahi tohu PWM, he ngaru tapawhā mamati, ki tēnei kēti. Ka whiriwhiri tēnei ngaru tapawhā i waenga i te ngaohiko tiketike (hei tauira, 5V) me te ngaohiko iti (0V). Ina tiketike te tohu PWM, ka whakakāngia te transistor MOS "kā," ka whakaoti i te ara iahiko me te tuku i te au taimau kia rere i roto i ngā LED, e mārama ana i te tīahoaho katoa. Ina ngoikore te tohu PWM, ka "whakaweto" te transistor, ka whati i te ara iahiko, ka whakaweto katoa ngā LED. Mā te tere o te huri i te transistor i te auau tiketike rawa kia kitea e te whatu tangata, te āhua nei kei te mārama tonu ngā LED, engari i te tīahoaho toharite e whakatauria ana e te ōwehenga o te wā "kā" ki te wā "weto". E mōhiotia ana tēnei ōwehenga ko te huringa mahi. Ko te tikanga o te huringa mahi 100% kei te kā tonu te rama, i te tīahoaho katoa. Ko te tikanga o te huringa mahi 50% kei te haurua o te wā, ā, ko te haurua o te wā, ko te hua o te tīahoaho o te 50%.

He aha ngā painga matua o te PWM Dimming mō ngā LED?

Kua whiwhi te rehu PWM i tōna rongonui nā te huinga o ngā painga māia e whakatau hāngai ana i ngā whāititanga o ētahi atu tikanga dimming. Ko te painga tuatahi me te tino hākinakina ko tōna kaha ki te pupuri i te ōritetanga tae pū puta noa i te awhe hina katoa. Mā te hina tairitenga, mā te whakaiti i te au ki tētahi LED ka neke te pāmahana tae. Hei tauira, he iti noa iho te kākāriki, te māwhero rānei o te LED mā i ngā au o raro. Ka karohia katoatia tēnei e PWM nā te mea ka whakahaeretia tonutia te LED i tōna hoahoa o nāianei ina kā ana. Ahakoa kua hina te rama ki te 10%, ki te 90% rānei, kei te kī tonu ngā mokowhiti "kā", kia tino pūmau tonu te pāmahana tae me te chromaticity. Mā tēnei ka noho ko PWM anake te kōwhiringa whai hua mō ngā taupānga e tino nui ana te kounga tae, pēnei i te tīramarama whare taonga, te whakanao kiriata me te pouaka whakaata, me ngā tāutanga hoahoa tiketike. Ko te painga nui tuarua ko te tika o te hina me te awhe whānui ka taea te whakarite. Nā te mea e whakawhirinaki ana a PWM ki te wā mamati pū, ka taea e ia te whakahaere tino pai i runga i te huringa mahi, e āhei ai te hina māeneene mai i te 100% ki raro ki te 0.1%, iti iho rānei. He uaua te whakatutuki i tēnei taumata tōtika ki ngā tikanga tairitenga. Kātahi anō, ina whakatinanatia me te auau tiketike rawa (i runga ake i te 200 Hz), ka tino kore e kitea e te whatu tangata, nā reira ka puta he wheako kore-piu e ārai ana i te uaua me te ngenge o te whatu.

He aha te PWM dimming e ārai ai i te neke tae i roto i ngā LED?

Ko te tītohunga o te neke tae i roto i ngā LED i raro i ngā au rerekē, he āhuatanga rongonui o te ahupūngao takawaenga. He iti noa iho te whakawhirinakitanga o te roangaru o te mārama e whakaputaina ana e tētahi maramara LED ki te kiato o nāianei e rere ana i roto. I a koe e whakaheke ana i te au i roto i tētahi pūnaha hina tairitenga, ka taea te neke te roangaru kaha, ka puta he huringa i te tae e kitea ana. E tino kitea ana tēnei i roto i ngā LED mā, arā, he rīpene kikorangi me te koti phosphor. Ka pāngia hoki te tōtika tahuringa o te phosphor e te kaha o te rama kikorangi e whakamīharo ana. Ka āta ārai a PWM i tēnei take katoa. Kāore rawa e huri i te onāianei. Ka whakakā, ka whakaweto noa iho i tētahi au taimau, kī tonu. Nō reira, i ia mokowhiti "kā", kei te mahi te LED i raro i ōna here hoahoa tūturu, e whakaputa ana i te mārama i tōna pāmahana tae pūmau. Ka whakakotahitia e te whatu me te roro tangata ēnei mokowhiti tere o te mārama tae taimau, e kite ana i tētahi tae ōrite i ngā taumata rehurehu. Koinei te take nui i noho ai a PWM hei paerewa koura mō te pupuri i te pono tae i roto i ngā pūnaha tīramarama LED ka taea te whakarerekē. Ka wetewete i te mana o te tīahoaho mai i te ahupūngao o te maramara LED, e tuku ana i te mana ki tētahi matawā mamati pū.

He aha ngā hē me ngā uauatanga o te hina PWM?

Ahakoa ōna painga maha, kāore te hina PWM i te kore ōna uauatanga me ngā whakahoki tūpono, me āta whakatau ngā kaipūkaha i roto i ā rātou hoahoa. Ko te take tino pūnoa ko te turituri rongo. Mā te whakawhiti tere o nāianei mā te atekōkiri LED me ngā LED anō ka wiriwiri ētahi mōtete. He tino pono tēnei mō ngā pūkaha uku, e whakamahia nuitia ana i te wāhanga huaputa o ngā atekōkiri LED nā te iti o te rahi me ngā āhuatanga hiko pai. I te nuinga o te wā ka hangaia ngā pūkaha uku mai i ngā rauemi whai āhuatanga piezoelectric, ko te tikanga he iti noa iho te whakarerekētanga ina hoatu he ngaohiko. Ina herea ki te mokowhiti PWM 200 Hz, ka taea e ēnei pūkaha te wiriwiri i taua auautanga, ka puta mai he tangi ngoikore, tangi rānei e taka ana ki roto i te awhe o te rongo tangata. Ka pōrearea pea tēnei i tētahi taiao mārire pēnei i te rūma moe, i te whare pukapuka rānei. Ko tētahi atu wero e pā ana ki te kōwhiringa o te auautanga PWM. Mēnā he iti rawa te auau (i raro iho i te 100 Hz), ka kitea e te whatu tangata te kōpuru, ā, ka pā pea ki ngā take hauora pēnei i te ānini me te uaua o te whatu. Mēnā he tiketike rawa te auau (i runga ake i te 20 kHz), ka taea te mawhiti i te awhe o te rongo tangata, te whakaoti i te raruraru turituri, engari ka whakamōhiotia ngā matatini hōu. I ngā auau tiketike rawa, ka taea e ngā inductances pirinoa me ngā āheinga i roto i te ara iahiko te whakakino i ngā tapa koi o te ngaru tapawhā PWM, nā reira ka kōaro ngā tauwhiro kā/weto me te whakaiti i te tika o te rehurehu. He wāhi reka e kitea ana, ā, me tūpato te pūkaha.

Me pēhea e taea ai te whakaoti i te raruraru turituri rongo i roto i te hina PWM?

Kua hangaia e ngā kaipūkaha ētahi rautaki pai hei whawhai i te turituri e pā ana ki te hina o PWM. Ko te tikanga tino hāngai ko te whakanui ake i te auau whakawhiti PWM ki runga ake i te 20 kHz, e whakaarotia ana ko te tepe o runga o te rongo tangata. Mā te mahi i te 25 kHz, teitei ake rānei, ka noho ngā turituri wiriwiri hei ultrasonic, ā, kāore e taea e te tangata. Heoi anō, e ai ki te kōrero, me nui ake te hoahoa ara iahiko hei whakahaere i ngā pānga pirinoa me te pupuri i te taparenga tohu, e whakanui ake ai i te utu me te matatinitanga o te atekōkiri. Ko te tikanga tuarua, ā, i te nuinga o te wā, ko te kōrero hāngai ki te pūtake o te turituri: ko ngā wae anō. Ko te tino hara ko ngā pūkaha huaputa uku. Ko tētahi rongoā noa ko te whakakapi i ēnei pūkaha uku ki ngā pūkaha tantalum. Kāore ngā pūkaha tantalum e whakaatu i te pānga piezoelectric ōrite, ā, he mārire ake. Heoi anō, kei tēnei rongoā ōna ake mahi. He uaua ake te pūtake o ngā pūkaha tantalum ngaohiko tiketike, ka nui ake te utu i ō rātou hoa uku, ā, he rerekē ngā āhuatanga hiko me pūkete i roto i te hoahoa. Nō reira, ko te kōwhiringa i waenga i te auau whakawhiti teitei ake me ngā wae utu nui ake, he auau iti iho rānei me ngā wae mārire ake, he whakataunga pūkaha matua e pā ana ki te utu, te rahi, me te mahinga o te hua whakamutunga. Ko ētahi atekōkiri mutunga tiketike e whakakotahi ana i ngā huarahi e rua, mā te whakamahi i tētahi auau iti kua tīpakohia, he auau tiketike me te kounga tiketike, he wae turituri iti kia taea ai te ngū, te kōpuro-kore, me te tino tika o te rehurehu.

He aha te auautanga PWM tino pai mō te hina LED?

He mahi whakatautika te tīpakonga o te auau PWM tino pai mō te hina LED, ā, kāore he tau "tika" kotahi mō ngā taupānga katoa. Heoi anō, he tohutohu mārama i runga anō i ngā hiahia o te pūnaha arokite tangata me ngā whāititanga o ngā mea hiko. Ko te auautanga mōkito rawa hei karo i te piu e kitea ana ko te 100 Hz, engari he mōkito noa iho tēnei, ā, ka kitea tonutia e ngā tangata tairongo, i te kitenga tāpiri. Ko tētahi kōwhiringa haumaru ake, pūnoa ake hoki mō te tīramarama whānui ko te 200 Hz ki te 500 Hz. He teitei rawa tēnei awhe hei whakakore i te kōpura kitea mō te nuinga o ngā tāngata, ā, he iti rawa kāore e whakaurua ngā take taparenga tohu nui, ngā hinganga whakawhiti nui rānei i roto i te atekōkiri. Mō ngā taupānga he āwangawanga matua te turituri, pēnei i ngā tautuhinga kāinga, studio rānei, ka panaia te auautanga ki runga ake i te 20 kHz ki te awhe ultrasonic. Ka whakamahia ngā auautanga pēnei i te 25 kHz, 30 kHz, teitei ake rānei. Heoi anō, me tautohe te kaihoahoa ki te nui ake o ngā uauatanga o te whakararuraru autōhiko (EMI) me te hiahia kia nui ake te ara iahiko atekōkiri kēti kia mau tonu ai ngā tapa whakawhiti mā, tere hoki. Hei whakarāpopototanga, ko te auautanga tino pai e whakatauria ana e ngā manakē o te taupānga: 200-500 Hz mō te toenga pai o te ngāwari me te mahinga, me te >20 kHz mō te mahi ngū i roto i ngā taiao tairongo turituri.

Ngā Painga me ngā Hēnga o te Hina PWM

Ko te ripanga e whai ake nei e whakarāpopoto ana i ngā painga me ngā kino matua o te hangarau hina PWM mō ngā LED.

I te mutunga, he hangarau kaha, pūkenga hoki te PWM kua noho hei paerewa mō te mana rama LED tino kounga. Ko tōna kaha ki te whakarato i te hina pū, whānui-whānui me te kore whakararuraru i te ōritetanga o te tae, kāore e ōrite ana ki ngā tikanga tairitenga. Ahakoa kei te tīariari ngā uauatanga pēnei i te turituri rongo me te hiahia kia tūpato te tīpakonga auau, e mārama ana, ā, ka taea te whakahaere tika mā te pūkaha whakaaro. Ko te hua he rongoā hina e tuku ana i tētahi wheako kaiwhakamahi tiketike, nā reira ko te kōwhiringa pai mō ngā taupānga rama maha.

Ngā Pātai Auau mō te Hina LED PWM

He kino te hina o te PWM mō ō whatu?

Ehara i te mea kino noa iho te rehu o PWM. Ko te kaha o te uaua o te whatu e puta mai ana i te kōpura auau iti (i raro iho i te 100 Hz). Ko te hina PWM kounga tiketike i whakatinanatia i ngā auau o te 200 Hz neke atu rānei, e kore e kitea, ā, i te nuinga o te wā e whakaarotia ana he haumaru, he hāneanea hoki. Kimihia ngā LED "kore-piu" i ngā wā katoa, e tohu ana i te auau PWM tiketike, i te whakamahinga rānei o ētahi atu hangarau kore-kōpura.

Ka taea te hina i ngā pūrama LED katoa ki te PWM?

Kāo, kāore ngā pūrama LED katoa i te rehurehu. Me hoko koe i ngā pūrama kua tapaina motuhake hei "dimmable." Heoi anō, kia tika ai te mahi o te hina PWM, me hoahoa te atekōkiri ā-roto o te pūrama kia whakaae me te urupare ki tētahi tohu PWM. Mā te whakamahi i tētahi LED kāore e taea te whakarerekē i runga i tētahi ara iahiko PWM ka kōpura, ka kōruru, ka tūkino pea ki te pūrama, ki te hina rānei.

Me pēhea taku mōhio mēnā kei te whakamahi taku dimmer LED i te PWM?

I te nuinga o te wā ka taea e tētahi whakamātautau ngāwari me tētahi kāmera waea atamai te whakaatu i te hina o te PWM. Tautuhia tō kāmera waea ki te aratau "nekeneke pōturi", ki te aratau "pro" rānei me te tere marumaru tere, ā, ka tohu atu ki te rama rehurehu. Mēnā ka kite koe i ngā here pouri, e kōpura ana rānei i runga i te mata, tērā pea kei te hina te rama ki te PWM. Nā te mea ka hopukina e te marumaru takahuri o te kāmera ngā huringa tere kā/weto kāore e taea e tō whatu te kite.