Ko e ʻuhinga ʻoku mahuʻinga ai ʻa e maama ʻo e ʻakau ki he ngoue ʻo onoponi

ʻOku fakautuutu ʻa e fie maʻu fakaemamani lahi ki hono ngaohi ʻo e meʻakai, pea ʻoku fakautuutu ʻa e fatongia mahuʻinga ʻo e ngoue ʻi he ʻatakai ʻoku puleʻi, tautautefito ki he greenhouses. ʻOku ʻomi ʻe he greenhouses ʻa e malava ke fakaloloa ʻa e faʻahitaʻu tupu, maluʻi ʻa e ngoue mei he ʻea kovi, pea mo fakaleleiʻi ʻa e ngaahi tuʻunga ki he fua mo e tuʻunga lelei. Neongo ia, ʻoku ʻi ai ha meʻa mahuʻinga ʻoku ne faʻa fakangatangata ʻenau ngaue: ko e mama. ʻOku fakasiʻisiʻi ʻe he founga ngaohi ʻo ha fale ʻakau ʻa e lahi ʻo e huelo fakanatula ʻoku aʻu ki he ʻakau. ʻOku fakatupu ʻa e fakasiʻisiʻi ko ʻeni ʻe ha ngaahi meʻa lahi, kau ai ʻa e orientation mo e ngaahi konga ʻo e faʻunga ʻo e greenhouse, pea mo e ngaahi ʻulungaanga ʻo e maama ʻo e naunau ʻoku ʻufiʻufi ia. Naʻa mo ha sioʻata maʻa pe polycarbonate te ne lava ʻo taʻofi ha peseti lahi ʻo e radiation photosynthetically longomoʻui. Makehe mei he ngaahi fakangatangata ʻo e faʻunga, ʻoku ʻomi ʻe he feliuliuaki ʻo e ʻea ha ngaahi pole lahi ange. ʻE lava ʻe he ngaahi vahaʻataimi ʻo e siʻisiʻi ʻa e mama, hange ko e ʻaoʻao loloa ʻi he faʻahitaʻu momoko mo e kamataʻanga ʻo e faʻahitaʻu failau, pe ko e ngaahi tuʻunga kakapu maʻu pe, ʻo fakafiekaia ʻa e ngoue ʻi he kelekele mei he ivi ʻo e maama ʻoku nau fie maʻu ki he photosynthesis. ʻOku uesia fakahangatonu mo kovi ʻe he maama feʻunga ko ʻeni ʻa e tupu ʻa e ʻakau, ʻo iku ki he siʻisiʻi ʻa e fua, kovi ʻa e tuʻunga lelei, mo e mole fakaʻekonomika lahi ki he kau ngoue. Ke fakasiʻisiʻi ʻa e ngaahi fakatuʻutamaki ko ʻeni mo fakapapauʻi ʻoku maʻu maʻu pe ʻa e tuʻunga maʻolunga, kuo hoko ʻa e maama fakalahi ʻo e ʻakau ko ha meʻangaue mahuʻinga. Ko e fili pe ko e fe ʻa e tekinolosia ʻo e maama ke fakaʻaongaʻi, ko ha fili faingataʻa ia ʻoku ʻi ai hono ngaahi nunuʻa taimi loloa.

Ko e ha ʻa e ngaahi maʻuʻanga maama kuo fakaʻaongaʻi ki he maama fakalahi ʻo e ʻakau?

ʻI he ngaahi taʻu kuo hili, kuo ʻahiʻahiʻi ʻe he kau ngoue ha ngaahi maʻuʻanga maama loi kehekehe ke fakalahi atu ki he huelo fakanatula ʻo e laʻaa ʻi he ngaahi fale ʻakau. ʻOku fakahaaʻi ʻe he fakalakalaka ʻo e tekinolosia ko ʻeni ʻa e hisitolia lahi ange ʻo e mama. Naʻe kau ʻi he ngaahi fuofua feinga ʻa e ngaahi maama incandescent, ʻa ia neongo ʻoku faingofua, ka ʻoku ʻikai ke fuʻu lelei, ʻo liliu ʻa e konga lahi ʻo honau ivi ki he vela kae ʻikai ko e maama ʻe lava ke fakaʻaongaʻi ki he photosynthesis. Naʻe ʻomi ʻe he ngaahi maama fluorescent ha fakalakalaka ʻi he ola lelei pea naʻe faʻa fakaʻaongaʻi ia ki he fanga kiʻi tengaʻi ʻakau mo e fakatupulaki, ka ʻoku ʻikai ke nau malohi ke hu loloto ki ha fuʻu ʻakau matuʻotuʻa. ʻI he fakalakalaka ʻa e tekinolosia, naʻe hoko ʻa e ngaahi maama high-intensity discharge (HID) ko e tuʻunga moʻui ia ki hono ngaohi ʻo e ʻakau fakakomesiale. ʻOku kau ʻi he faʻahinga ko ʻeni ʻa e ngaahi maama ukamea halide, ʻa ia ʻoku ne ʻomi ha tuʻunga lanu pulu lahi ange, pea ko e mahuʻinga taha, ko e maama sodium (HPS) maʻolunga. Naʻe vave ʻa e maʻu ʻe he ngaahi maama HPS ha tuʻunga malohi ʻi he maketi koeʻuhi ko ʻenau maama maʻolunga mo e moʻui ngaue loloa ʻi hono fakafehoanaki ki he ngaahi fili kimuʻa. Naʻa nau hoko ko e hoosi ngaue ʻo e ngaueʻanga, ʻo fakamahuʻingaʻi ʻi heʻenau malava ke ʻoatu ha ivi maʻamaʻa lahi ki he ngoue. Neongo ʻenau mafola hono fakaʻaongaʻi, ʻoku ʻi ai ha ngaahi palopalema ʻiloa ʻo e ngaahi maama HPS, kau ai ʻa e ʻikai lelei ʻa e mama, ngaahi hohaʻa ki he malu fekauʻaki mo e mafana ʻo ʻenau ngaue mo e fakakau ʻo e mercury fakatuʻutamaki, pea mo e ʻikai malava ke fokotuʻu kinautolu ʻo ofi ki he ngaahi fuʻu ʻakau taʻe fakatupu ha maumau ki he vela. Kuo fakaava ʻe he ngaahi fakangatangata ko ʻeni ʻa e hala ki he ʻasi mai ʻa e maama LED ko ha tekinolosia liliu ʻi he ngoue.

Ko e ha ʻa e ngaahi tefitoʻi palopalema ʻo e ngaahi maama sodium maʻolunga ʻi he greenhouses?

Neongo kuo hoko ʻa e ngaahi maama sodium maʻolunga ko e tuʻunga moʻui ʻi he ngaahi taʻu lahi, ʻoku fakahaaʻi ʻe hono fakaʻaongaʻi ʻi he greenhouses ha ngaahi tonounou mahuʻinga ʻoku ne fakangatangata ʻenau ola lelei mo e lavameʻa. Ko e ʻuluaki palopalema lahi ko e ʻikai lelei ʻa e mama mo e mapuleʻi ʻo e mata. Ko e maama HPS ko ha maʻuʻanga maama omnidirectional, ʻa ia ko hono ʻuhinga ʻoku ne tuku atu ʻa e maama ʻi he tikili kotoa ʻe 360. Ke fakahangatonu hifo ʻa e maama ko ʻeni ki he fuʻu ʻakau, kuo pau ke fakafalala ʻa e mama ki ha fuʻu meʻa lahi mo lahi. ʻOku ʻikai ke ola lelei ʻa e founga ko ʻeni. Ko ha konga lahi ʻo e mama ʻoku fihia ia ʻi loto ʻi he meʻa pe ʻoku maʻu ʻe he reflector, ʻo maumauʻi ai ʻa e ivi. ʻIkai ngata ai, ʻoku fakatupu ʻe he maama ʻoku ha mai ha tufaki ʻoku ʻikai tatau ʻaupito, mo e ngaahi feituʻu mafana ʻi lalo ʻi he mama pea maʻulalo ange ʻa e maama ʻi he ngaahi feituʻu ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e ngaahi meʻa ʻoku ʻi ai. ʻOku ʻuhinga ʻa e siʻisiʻi ko ʻeni ʻo e faitatau ʻoku fuʻu lahi ʻa e maama ʻoku maʻu ʻe he ngaahi ʻakau ʻe niʻihi kae ʻikai feʻunga ʻa e maama ʻa e niʻihi, ʻo iku ki he ʻikai ke tatau ʻa e tupu mo e fua ʻi he fale ʻakau. Ko e palopalema mahuʻinga hono ua ko e vela lahi ʻoku fakatupu ʻe he ngaahi maama HPS. Ko hono moʻoní, ko e ngaahi maʻuʻanga māfana mālohi ia pea pehē ki he ngaahi maʻuʻanga māmá. ʻE lava ʻe he vela ko ʻeni ʻo fakalahi ʻa e mafana ʻo e lauʻiʻakau ʻi lalo ʻiate kinautolu, ʻo fakatupu ai ʻa e loto mafasia, taʻofi ʻa e tupu, pea ʻi he ngaahi tuʻunga fakatuʻutamaki, vela ai ʻa e kakano ʻo e ʻakau. ʻOku hanga ʻe he vela vela ko ʻeni ʻo fakamalohiʻi ʻa e kau ngoue ke nau tauhi ha vamamaʻo malu ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e mama mo e ʻakau ʻo e ngoue, ʻo fakasiʻisiʻi ai ʻa e feliliuaki ʻo e maama mo fakamoleki ʻa e feituʻu ʻoku tuʻu ki ʻolunga. ʻOku tokoni foki ʻa e vela maʻolunga ki he kavenga mokomoko fakalukufua ʻo e fale ʻakau, ʻo fakalahi ai ʻa e ivi ʻoku fakaʻaongaʻi ki he ʻea pe ʻea fakamokomoko. ʻIkai ngata ai, ʻoku fakatuʻutamaki ki he ʻatakai mo e malu ʻa e ʻi ai ʻa e mercury ʻi he maama HPS kotoa pe. Kapau ʻe motu ha maama ʻi he fale ʻakau, ʻoku ne tukuange mai ʻa e mercury kona, ʻo fakaʻuliʻi ai ʻa e feituʻu ʻoku tupu ai pea fakatuʻutamaki ki he kau ngaue mo e ngoue. Ko hono fakaʻaongaʻi ʻo e ngaahi maama kuo ʻosi fakaʻaongaʻi ko ha founga fakamole lahi mo puleʻi.

ʻOku ikunaʻi fefe ʻe he maama LED ʻa e ngaahi fakangatangata ʻo e HPS ʻi he ngoue?

ʻOku fakafofongaʻi ʻe he maama LED ha liliu mahuʻinga ʻi he maama horticulture, ʻo fakaleleiʻi fakahangatonu ʻa e ngaahi tefitoʻi tonounou ʻo e tekinolosia HPS. ʻI heʻene hoko ko ha maʻuʻanga maama semiconductor toʻu tangata hono fa, ʻoku ʻomi ʻe he LEDs ha tuʻunga ʻo e mapuleʻi mo e tonu ʻoku ʻikai malava ʻi he ngaahi maama HID. Ko e lelei taha ʻo e liliu ko ʻenau spectral tunability. ʻOku ʻikai tatau ia mo e lahi mo tuʻu maʻu ʻo ha maama HPS, ʻoku maʻu ʻa e LEDs ʻi ha wavelength pau mo fasiʻi. Te nau lava ʻo tuku atu ha maama monochromatic, hange ko e lanu kulokula loloto (fakafuofua ki he 660nm) pe lanu pulu tuʻi (fakafuofua ki he 450nm), ʻa ia ʻoku fekauʻaki hangatonu mo e tumutumu ʻo e chlorophyll mo e ngaahi photoreceptors kehe ʻi he ʻakau. ʻIkai ngata ai, ʻe lava ke fakatahaʻi ʻa e ngaahi lanu LED kehekehe (kulokula, pulu, kulokula mamaʻo, lanu mata, mo e ala meʻa pehee) ʻi ha meʻa pe ʻe taha ke faʻu ha tuʻunga ʻoku feʻunga mo e ngaahi fie maʻu pau ʻo ha ngoue mo e ola ʻo e tupu ʻoku fie maʻu—tatau ai pe pe ko hono fakaʻaiʻai ʻo e tupu vegetative, matalaʻiʻakau, pe fakalahi ʻa e meʻakai fakatupu moʻui lelei. ʻOku ʻuhinga ʻa e founga fakataumuʻa ko ʻeni ʻoku liliu ʻa e watt kotoa pe ʻo e ʻuhila ki he maama ʻe lava ke fakaʻaongaʻi ʻe he fuʻu ʻakau, ʻo fakalahi ai ʻa e ola lelei ʻo e photosynthetic. Ko e lelei lahi hono ua ko ʻenau output directional. ʻOku fakanatula ʻa e LEDs ʻi he directional, ʻoku angamaheni ʻaki hono tuku atu ʻa e maama ʻi ha sipinga tikili ʻe 180. ʻOku fakaʻata ʻe he ʻulungaanga ko ʻeni, fakataha mo e tonu ʻo e optics hono ua hange ko e sioʻata, ke mapuleʻi makehe ʻa e tufaki ʻo e mama. ʻE lava ke fokotuʻutuʻu ʻa e ngaahi naunau ke faʻu ha maama tatau ʻoku mafola ʻi he kotoa ʻo e ʻakau, ʻo toʻo atu ʻa e ngaahi feituʻu mafana mo e ngaahi feituʻu fakapoʻuli. ʻOku fakapapauʻi ʻe he meʻa ni ʻoku maʻu ʻe he fuʻu ʻakau kotoa pe ʻa e lahi tatau ʻo e mama, ʻo iku ki he fua maʻu pe ʻo e ngoue. ʻIkai ngata ai, koeʻuhi ʻoku siʻisiʻi ʻaupito ʻa e vela ʻoku ʻomi ʻe he LEDs, ʻoku lau ia ko ha maʻuʻanga maama "mokomoko". ʻOku fakaʻata heni ke nau fokotuʻu ofi ange ki he fuʻu ʻakau ʻo ʻikai fakatupu ʻa e mafana ʻo e ʻea. ʻOku fakalahi ʻe he vaofi ko ʻeni ʻa e photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) ʻo aʻu ki he ʻakau, ʻo fakaʻata ai hono fakaʻaongaʻi lelei ange ʻo e mama mo fakaʻata ʻa e ngaahi founga tupu foʻou hange ko e interlighting, ʻa ia ʻoku fokotuʻu hangatonu ai ʻa e ngaahi pa LED ʻi loto ʻi he canopy ke fakamaama ʻa e lauʻiʻakau ʻi lalo.

Ko e ha ʻa e ngaahi faikehekehe ʻi he maama mo e puleʻi fakaʻata ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e HPS mo e LED?

Ko e faikehekehe mahuʻinga ʻi he founga ʻoku faʻu mo tufaki ai ʻe he ngaahi maama HPS mo e LED ʻoku ʻi ai hono ngaahi nunuʻa lahi ki he palani ʻo e ʻakau mo e tupu ʻa e fuʻu ʻakau. Hange ko ia kuo lave ki ai, ʻoku ʻi ai ha maama ʻo e maama ʻo e 360°, ʻo fana ʻa e maama ʻi he tafaʻaki kotoa pe. Kuo pau ke puke ʻa e maama ko ʻeni ʻe ha reflector ʻi ha meʻa fakaʻofoʻofa. ʻOku fakapapauʻi ʻe he palani ʻo e reflector ko ʻeni ʻa e tuliki mo e tufakiʻanga naunau ʻo e fuʻu ʻakau, ka ko ha founga ia ʻoku ʻikai haohaoa. ʻOku mole ha konga lahi ʻo e mama ʻi he absorption mo e ngaahi ʻata lahi, pea ʻoku faʻa hoko ʻa e sipinga ʻo e beam ko ha meʻa ʻoku fakangaloku ai, ʻo feinga ke maʻu ʻa e faitatau haohaoa. ʻI he tafaʻaki ʻe taha, ʻoku ʻomi ʻe he tekinolosia LED ha ngaahi founga kehekehe ʻo e fakaʻata ʻo e mata. Ko e maama lelei ʻo ha LED fixture ʻoku ʻikai ko ha meʻa fakatuʻupake pe ia ʻo natula ka ko ha fili ʻo e fokotuʻutuʻu. ʻI hono fili ʻo e ngaahi sioʻata pau, ʻe lava ke faʻu ʻe he ngaahi kautaha faʻu ʻa e ngaahi meʻa ʻoku ʻi ai ha faʻahinga lahi ʻe tolu ʻo e ngaahi tuliki ʻo e fuʻu ʻakau: fuʻu ʻakau fasiʻi (≤180°), fuʻu ʻakau lotoloto (180°~300°), mo e fuʻu ʻakau falahi (≥300°). ʻOku fakaʻata ʻe he meʻa ni ʻa e kau fokotuʻutuʻu ʻo e mama ke fakafehoanaki tonu ʻa e tufaki ʻo e naunau ki he geometry ʻo e ʻakau mo e fokotuʻutuʻu ʻo e ngoue. Hange ko ʻeni, ʻe lava ke fakaʻaongaʻi ʻa e fakaʻata ʻo e fuʻu ʻakau fasiʻi ke fakahu loloto ʻa e mama ki he funga ʻakau. ʻI ha faama tuʻu ʻi ʻolunga ʻi ha ngaahi tuʻunga kehekehe, ʻoku fakapapauʻi ʻe he ngaahi meʻa fakaʻata ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e funga laupapa ʻi he funga laupapa takitaha. ʻOku ʻuhinga ʻa e tuʻunga ko ʻeni ʻo e tonu ʻo e fakaʻata mo e malava ko ia ke fakatonutonu ʻa e spectrum, ʻe lava ke faʻufaʻu ha polokalama maama LED ke ʻoatu ʻa e lahi mo e tuʻunga lelei ʻo e maama ki he fuʻu ʻakau kotoa pe, maximizing photosynthetic efficiency mo e uniformity ʻo e ngoue ʻi ha founga ʻoku ʻikai lava ke aʻusia ʻe he ngaahi polokalama HPS.

Ko e ha ʻa e ngaahi faikehekehe ʻi he loloa ʻo e moʻui mo e uesia ʻo e ʻatakai?

ʻOku kehekehe ʻaupito ʻa e ngaahi ʻulungaanga ʻo e ngaue mo e ʻatakai ʻo e HPS mo e maama LED, ʻo ne takiekina fakatouʻosi ʻa e tuʻunga fakaʻekonomika taimi loloa mo e tuʻuloa ʻo ha ngaue ʻi he ʻakau. ʻOku tolonga ʻa e maama sodium maʻolunga, ka ʻoku fakangatangata mo nounou ʻenau moʻui. Ko e lahi taha ʻo ʻenau moʻui ʻoku meimei houa ʻe 24,000, ka ʻi hono fakahoko, ʻoku faʻa fie maʻu ke nau fetongi kimuʻa ai, mo ha moʻui falalaʻanga siʻisiʻi taha ko e houa ʻe 12,000. ʻIkai ngata ai, ʻoku holoa ʻaupito ʻenau mama ʻi he ʻalu ʻa e taimi, ko ha founga ʻoku ʻiloa ko e holoki ʻo e lumen. ʻOku ʻuhinga ʻeni ʻi he ofi ki he fakaʻosinga ʻo ʻenau moʻui, ʻoku siʻisiʻi ange ʻenau maama ʻoku lava ke fakaʻaongaʻi, maumauʻi ʻa e ivi pea uesia ai ʻa e tupu ʻa e ngoue. ʻOku ʻi ai foki mo ha palopalema ʻo e ngaahi maama HPS ʻi heʻenau motuʻa, ʻo faingataʻa ange ke kamata pea faingofua ange ki he maumau. ʻI he tafaʻaki ʻe taha, ʻoku fakafofongaʻi ʻe he maama LED, ʻa ia ʻoku fakalele ʻe he DC drive, ha liliu ʻi he moʻui fuoloa. ʻOku fakafuofuaʻi ʻa e ngaahi naunau LED tuʻunga maʻolunga ki ha moʻui ʻaonga ʻo e houa ʻe 50,000 pe lahi ange, pea ʻoku mamalie ʻaupito ʻa e holo ʻa e maama ʻoku maʻu. ʻE tauhi ʻe he LED grow light ha peseti maʻolunga ʻo ʻene ʻuluaki output ʻi ha ngaahi taʻu lahi, ʻo maʻu maʻu pe ʻa e ngaue mo e fakamole ki he naunau ʻoku fekauʻaki mo hono toutou fetongi ʻo e mama. ʻOku mahuʻinga tatau pe ʻa e faikehekehe ʻo e ʻatakai. Ko e maama HPS ko ha meʻangaue fakatuʻutamaki ia koeʻuhi ko e mercury ʻoku silaʻi ʻi hono tiupi arc. ʻOku fie maʻu ke tokangaʻi fakalelei mo liʻaki ko e veve kona. ʻOku ʻikai ke ʻi ai ha mercury pe ngaahi meʻa fakatuʻutamaki kehe ʻi ha meʻangaue LED. Ko ha tekinolosia maʻa, malu mo anga fakakaumeʻa ki he ʻatakai. ʻOku ʻikai ngata pe ʻi hono fakafaingofuaʻi ʻe he meʻa ni ʻa hono liʻaki ʻi he fakaʻosinga ʻo ʻene moʻui loloa ka ʻoku ne toe fakatupu ha ʻatakai ngaue malu ange ki he kau ngaue ʻi he ʻakau, ʻo taʻofi ai ʻa e fakatuʻutamaki ʻo e fakaʻuliʻi ʻo e mercury mei he maumau fakatuʻupakee.

ʻOku fakautuutu ʻa e fakakikihi ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e sodium mo e LED ki he tupu ʻa e fuʻu ʻakau. Neongo kuo ngaue faivelenga ʻa e ngaahi maama HPS ki he ngaueʻanga ngoue, ko honau ngaahi fakangatangata ʻi hono mapuleʻi ʻo e spectral, lelei ʻo e ʻatakai, puleʻi ʻo e vela, moʻui, mo e malu ʻo e ʻatakai ʻoku ikunaʻi ia ʻe he tonu mo e ngaue ʻa e tekinolosia LED. ʻOku mahino ʻa e fili ki he tokotaha ngoue ʻo onoponi ʻoku fie maʻu ke fakalahi ʻa e fua, fakaleleiʻi ʻa e tuʻunga lelei ʻo e ngoue, fakasiʻisiʻi ʻa e fakamole ki he ivi, pea fakalele tuʻuloa. ʻOku ʻikai ngata pe ʻi hono fetongi ʻe he maama LED ʻa e HPS, ka ko ha meʻangaue foʻou ke mahino mo puleʻi ʻa e fengaueʻaki ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e mama mo e moʻui ʻa e ʻakau, ʻo fakaava ʻa e hala ki he greenhouses ʻo e kahaʻu.

Ngaahi Fehuʻi ʻOku Faʻa ʻEke Fekauʻaki mo e HPS mo e LED Grow Lights

ʻE lava nai ke u fetongi ʻeku ngaahi maama HPS ʻaki ha tiupi LED ʻi heʻeku ngaahi naunau lolotonga?

ʻIkai, he ʻikai te ke lava ʻo fetongi ha maama HPS ʻaki ha LED ʻi he naunau tatau. ʻOku fie maʻu ʻe he ngaahi naunau HPS ha ballast ke fakamoʻui mo fakalele ʻa e mama, ʻa ia ʻoku ʻikai fenapasi mo e LEDs. ʻOku fie maʻu ʻe ha liliu totonu ke fetongi ʻa e naunau kotoa ʻaki ha maama LED ʻoku faʻu pe fakaʻaongaʻi ha naunau makehe ʻoku ne fakaʻaongaʻi ʻa e ballast motuʻa pea ʻomi ha misini mo e fakaʻuli foʻou ʻo e maama LED.

ʻOku lelei ange ʻa e maama mei he maama HPS ki he ngaahi tuʻunga kotoa pe ʻo e tupu ʻa e ʻakau?

ʻIkai, ko e tuʻunga tuʻu maʻu ʻo ha maama HPS ko ha fakangaloku ia. Neongo ʻe lava ke ʻaonga ʻa e lanu moli-kulokula lolotonga e matalaʻiʻakau, ka ʻoku ʻikai ke ʻi ai ha maama lanu pulu feʻunga, ʻa ia ʻoku mahuʻinga ki he tupu ʻa e vegetative mo taʻofi ʻa e mafao ʻoku ʻikai fie maʻu. ʻOku ʻomi ʻe he ngaahi maama LED ʻa e lelei ʻo e tunable spectra, ʻo fakaʻata ai ʻa e kau ngoue ke fakaʻaongaʻi ha tuʻunga lanu pulu ki he tengaʻi ʻakau mo e ngaahi tuʻunga vegetative pea liliu ki ha tuʻunga kulokula lahi ange ki he matala mo e fua, kotoa mei he naunau tatau.

Ko e ha ʻoku mamafa ange ai ʻa e ngaahi maama LED ʻi he HPS?

Ko e maʻolunga ange ʻa e totongi ʻo e LED tupu ʻoku makatuʻunga ia ʻi he tekinolosia mo e ngaahi konga ʻoku kau ki ai, kau ai ʻa e tuʻunga maʻolunga ʻo e LED chips, tonu optics, mo e ngaahi fakaʻuli fakaʻofoʻofa. Neongo ia, ʻoku fetongi ʻa e fakamole ko ʻeni ʻi muʻa ʻi ha vahaʻa taimi ʻaki ha fakasiʻisiʻi lahi ʻo e ivi (50-70% siʻisiʻi ange ʻa e ʻuhila), fakasiʻisiʻi ʻa e fakamole ki he fakamokomoko, pea mo hono toʻo ʻo e toutou fetongi ʻo e mama, ʻo maʻulalo ange ai ʻa e fakamole fakakatoa ʻo e maʻu ʻi he HPS ʻi he lolotonga ʻo e moʻui ʻo e naunau.