Ko e Paradox ʻo e LED lelei ʻoku lele vela

Ko ha meʻa angamaheni ia ʻoku puputuʻu ai ʻa e tokolahi ʻo e kau fakatau pea naʻa mo e kau palofesinale ʻe niʻihi: ʻOku fakafiefiaʻi ʻa e ngaahi maama LED ʻi heʻenau ivi fakaʻofoʻofa, ka ʻi he hili ʻene fakamoʻui ʻi ha kiʻi taimi, ʻoku ʻikai lava ke fakaʻikaiʻi ʻa e vela ʻo e meʻa ʻoku nau fakaʻaongaʻi. Kapau ʻoku fakahaofi ʻe he LED ha ʻuhila lahi ʻi hono fakafehoanaki ki ha foʻi ʻuhila motuʻa, ko e ha ʻoku kei fakatupu ai ha vela lahi? Ko e taha ʻeni ʻo e ngaahi fehuʻi ʻoku lahi taha hono fai ʻi he mamani ʻo e mama. ʻOku ʻikai maʻu ʻa e tali ʻi he ivi fakakatoa ʻoku fakaʻaongaʻi, ka ʻi he tefitoʻi fisiki ʻo e founga ʻoku faʻu ai ʻa e mama pea mahuʻinga taha, ko e founga ʻoku ʻikai faʻu ai. Ke mahino ʻa e ʻuhinga ʻe lava ke ongoʻi vela ai ʻa e LED 15-watt ʻo hange ko ha 60-watt incandescent, ʻoku fie maʻu ke tau fekumi ki he ngaahi fakakaukau ʻo e ola lelei ʻo e liliu ʻo e mama, ʻa e ngaahi founga kehekehe ʻo e ivi (mama mo e vela), pea mo e fatongia mahuʻinga ʻo hono puleʻi ʻo e mafana ʻo e ʻea ʻi he ngaahi meʻa fakaʻilekitulonika ʻo onoponi. ʻE vete ʻe he fakahinohino fakaʻauliliki ko ʻeni ʻa e misiteli ʻo e vela ʻo e LED, fakamatalaʻi ʻa e saienisi ʻi ha ngaahi lea faingofua mo fakamamafaʻi ʻa e ʻuhinga ʻoku ʻikai ko ha fehalaaki ʻa e dissipation totonu ʻo e vela, ka ko ha konga ia ʻo e palani ʻo e LED tuʻunga maʻolunga.

ʻOku lelei fefe ʻa e ngaahi maama LED ʻi hono fakafehoanaki ki he ngaahi tekinolosia motuʻa ange?

Ke fakahoungaʻi ʻa e vela ʻo ha LED, kuo pau ke tau ʻuluaki fakafehoanaki ʻa hono lavameʻa ki hono ngaahi maama kimuʻa: incandescent mo compact fluorescent lights (CFLs). Ko e meʻafua angamaheni ki he meʻa ni ko e maama lelei, ʻoku fua ʻi he lumens per watt (lm/W), ʻa ia ʻoku ne talamai ʻa e lahi ʻo e maama ʻoku tau maʻu ʻi he ʻiuniti takitaha ʻo e ʻuhila ʻoku fakaʻaongaʻi. ʻOku ʻiloa ʻa e ngaahi foʻi ʻuhila tukufakaholo ʻoku ʻikai ke lelei. Ko e maama incandescent angamaheni ʻoku ʻi ai hono malohi ʻo e maama ʻi he 15 ki he 18 lumens ki he watt. ʻOku ʻuhinga ʻeni ki ha foʻi ʻuhila 60W, ʻoku liliu fakahangatonu ʻa e ivi lahi—laka hake ʻi he 95%—ki he vela (infrared radiation), pea ko ha kiʻi konga siʻi pe, fakafuofua ki he 3%, ʻoku ne fakatupu ʻa e maama ʻoku tau sio ki ai. Ko e CFLs, pe ngaahi foʻi ʻuhila fakahaofi ivi, ko ha sitepu mahuʻinga ia ki muʻa, ʻo aʻusia ha ola lelei ʻo e 50 ki he 60 lumens ki he watt. ʻOku nau liliu ʻa e 20-25% ʻo e ʻuhila ki he maama ʻoku ʻasi mai, ʻa ia ko e ʻuhinga ia ʻoku nau lele mokomoko ange ai ʻi he incandescents ki he maama tatau. Neongo ia, ko e LEDs ʻa e kau toʻa lolotonga ʻo e lavameʻa. ʻOku aʻusia ʻe he ngaahi maama LED tuʻunga maʻolunga he taimi ni ʻa e ola lelei ʻo e 130 ki he 160 lumens ki he watt pe maʻolunga ange. ʻOku ʻuhinga ʻeni ʻoku nau liliu ʻa e 30% ki he 40% ʻo e ivi fakaʻuhila ki he maama ʻoku ha mai. Ko ha fakalakalaka fakaofo ʻeni, ka ʻoku kei toe pe ha konga lahi—60% ki he 70%—ʻo e ivi kuo pau ke ʻalu ki ha feituʻu, pea ko e "feituʻu" ko ia ko e vela.

Ko e ha ʻoku vela ai ha LED 15-Watt kapau ʻoku fuʻu lelei?

Ko e uho ʻeni ʻo e paradox. ʻOku mahino ʻoku lelei ange ʻa e LED 15-watt ʻoku ne ʻomi ʻa e maama tatau mo e 60-watt incandescent. Neongo ia, ko e meʻa mahuʻinga ke vakai ki he lahi ʻo e vela ʻo e veve. ʻOku fakatupu ʻe he foʻi ʻuhila ʻa e 60 watts, ʻa e vela lahi ʻe 57 watts, ka ʻoku fakamafola atu ʻa e vela ko ʻeni ʻi ha funga feituʻu lahi (ko e foʻi ʻuhila sioʻata kakato) pea ko e mahuʻinga taha, ʻoku tuku mai ia ko e infrared radiation. ʻOku mavahe ʻa e vela infrared ko ʻeni mei he foʻi ʻuhila, ʻo fakamafanaʻi ʻa e loki ka ʻoku ʻikai ke ne ʻai ke fuʻu vela ʻaupito ʻa e funga ʻuhila ʻi ha feituʻu ʻoku fuʻu mafana, neongo ʻoku kei vela ʻaupito. ʻI he tafaʻaki ʻe taha, ʻoku siʻisiʻi ange ʻa e vela ʻoku maumauʻi ʻe he LED 15-watts—fakafuofua ki he watts ʻe 10 (talu mei he hoko ʻa e watts ʻe 5 ko e mama). Ko e palopalema ko e 10 watts ko ʻeni ʻo e vela ʻoku faʻu ia ʻi ha kiʻi semiconductor siʻisiʻi, siʻisiʻi ange ʻi ha ngeʻesi nima. ʻOku fakatupu ʻe he meʻa ni ha fuʻu vela maʻolunga ʻaupito, pe lahi ʻo e ivi vela, ʻi ha feituʻu siʻisiʻi. Kapau ʻe ʻikai vave ʻa e mafana ʻo e ʻea ko ʻeni mei he chip, ʻe maʻolunga ʻa e mafana ʻo e fetaulakiʻanga LED ʻi ha ngaahi sekoni, ʻo iku ki he maumau mo e taʻelavameʻa he taimi pe ko ia. Ko ia ai, ko e mafana ʻoku ke ongoʻi ʻi ha maama LED ko ha fakamoʻoni ia ki heʻene lavameʻa ʻi hono tohoakiʻi ʻa e vela ko ia mei he ngaahi meʻa fakaʻilekitulonika pelepelengesi pea fakamoleki ia ki he ʻea takatakai. ʻOku fakahoko ʻe he heat sink ʻene ngaue, pea ko e foʻi moʻoni ko ia ʻoku ongoʻi vela ʻoku ʻuhinga ia ʻoku ngaue ʻa e thermal management system ke maluʻi ʻa e LED.

Ko e ha ʻa e saienisi ʻi mui ʻi hono faʻu ʻo e vela ʻo e LED?

Ko e vela ʻoku fakatupu ʻe ha LED ʻoku ʻikai ko ha ola ia ʻo e ʻikai lelei hono faʻu ʻo e maama ʻi he founga tatau mo ia ki ha incandescent. ʻI ha foʻi ʻuhila incandescent, ko e vela (infrared radiation) ko ha konga mahuʻinga ia ʻo e founga faʻu ʻo e mama; ʻOku fakamafanaʻi ʻa e filo kae ʻoua kuo ulo ʻo maʻu ai ha maama lahi ʻoku kau ai ʻa e maama ʻoku ʻasi mai mo ha fuʻu infrared lahi ʻoku ʻikai lava ʻo sio ki ai. ʻOku ngaue ʻa e LEDs ʻi ha tefitoʻi moʻoni kehe ʻoku ui ko e electroluminescence. ʻI he taimi ʻoku fou ai ha ʻuhila ʻi ha naunau semiconductor (ko e diode), ʻoku ne fakaʻaiʻai ʻa e electrons. ʻI he taimi ʻoku foki ai ʻa e ngaahi electrons ko ʻeni ki honau tuʻunga angamaheni, ʻoku nau tukuange ʻa e ivi ʻi he fotunga ʻo e photons—ʻa e ngaahi momoʻi meʻa ʻo e mama. ʻOku fakapapauʻi ʻa e lanu, pe wavelength ʻo e maama ko ʻeni ʻe he ngaahi koloa ʻo e naunau semiconductor. ʻOku lelei ange ʻa e founga ko ʻeni ʻi hono faʻu ʻo e maama ʻoku ha mai. Neongo ia, ʻoku ʻikai ke 100% lelei. ʻOku fetaulaki foki ʻa e ngaʻunu ʻa e electrons ʻi he semiconductor mo e fakafepaki, ko ha meʻa ʻoku ʻiloa ko e fakafepaki fakaʻuhila. ʻOku liliu ʻe he fakafepaki ko ʻeni, fakataha mo e ngaahi founga kehe ʻoku ʻikai ko e radiative recombination ʻi he naunau, ha konga ʻo e ivi fakaʻuhila fakahangatonu ki he vela (phonons, pe lattice vibrations) ʻi he LED chip. ʻOku ui ʻeni ko e Joule heating. Ko ia, neongo ʻoku lelei ʻa e meʻa ʻoku ne fakatupu ʻa e mama, ʻoku fakatupu ʻe he fisiki ʻo hono ʻunuakiʻi ʻo e ʻuhila ʻi ha naunau ʻa e vela ʻi he tupuʻanga.

Ko e ha ʻoku ʻikai lava ai ʻe he LED ʻo fakaʻaliʻali atu ʻa e vela ʻo hange ko e ngaahi foʻi ʻuhila vela?

Ko ha faikehekehe mahuʻinga ʻeni ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e ngaahi tekinolosia motuʻa mo e maama foʻou. ʻOku ngaue ʻa e ngaahi foʻi ʻuhila ʻi he mafana ʻaupito (ʻe lava ke aʻu ʻa e filament ki he 2,500°C). ʻI he mafana ko ʻeni, ʻoku nau tuku mai ha konga lahi ʻo honau ivi ko e infrared radiation, ʻa ia ko ha faʻahinga maama ʻoku tau ongoʻi ko e vela. Ko ha founga lelei ʻeni ke feʻaveʻaki ʻa e ivi mei he maʻuʻanga tokoni ʻo ʻikai fie maʻu ha conductor fakatuʻasino. ʻOku ulo atu pe ʻa e vela ʻi he sioʻata ki he ʻatakai. Ka neongo ia, ʻoku fakataumuʻa ʻa e LEDs ke ngaue ʻi ha mafana maʻulalo ange, meimei mo e mafana lahi taha ʻo e fetaulakiʻanga ʻo e 85°C ki he 150°C. ʻI he mafana maʻulalo ko ʻeni, ʻoku ʻikai ke nau tuku mai ha radiation infrared lahi. ʻOku ʻikai lava ke hola ʻa e vela ʻoku faʻu ʻi loto ʻi he LED chip; kuo pau ke fakahoko ia ʻi he fetuʻutaki fakaesino. Ko e feituʻu ʻeni ʻoku hu mai ai ʻa e heat sink. ʻOku fokotuʻu ʻa e LED chip ʻi ha naunau ʻo e mafana ʻo e ʻea, ʻa ia ʻoku fakapipiki ki ha ukamea ukamea kuo paaki ʻa e circuit board (MCPCB), ʻa ia ʻoku fakapipiki leva ki ha fuʻu meʻa mafana ukamea. ʻOku fakataumuʻa ʻa e hala kotoa ko ʻeni ke ne tataki ʻa e vela mei he chip ʻo fakafou ʻi he ngaahi naunau fefeka. ʻOku fakaʻaongaʻi leva ʻe he heat sink ʻa hono fukahi ʻelia lahi mo e fins ke ʻave ʻa e vela ko ia ki he ʻea ʻo fakafou ʻi he convection. Ko ia, ʻoku ʻikai ke "vela" ʻa e LEDs ʻi he founga tatau mo e incandescents; ʻoku siʻisiʻi ange ʻa e vela fakakatoa, ka ʻoku fakatefito ʻa e vela ko ia pea ʻoku fie maʻu ha hala fakaʻofoʻofa mo faʻa ʻenisinia ke hao ai, ʻa ia ko e ʻuhinga ia ʻoku fie maʻu ai ha fuʻu meʻa mafana ʻo ha maama LED malohi maʻolunga.

Ko e ha e meʻa ʻoku hoko kapau ʻoku fuʻu vela ʻa e LED?

Ko e vela ko e fili fika ʻuluaki ia ʻo e ngaue mo e moʻui loloa ʻa e LED. ʻOku ʻikai hange ko e ngaahi foʻi ʻuhila incandescent, ʻa ia ʻoku maumau ʻaupito, ka ʻoku fakavaveʻi ʻe he vela ʻa e holoki ko ʻeni. Ko e ola vave taha ʻo e fuʻu vela ko e holoki ʻo e maama ʻoku maʻu, ko ha meʻa ʻoku ʻiloa ko e holoki ʻo e lumen. ʻI he mahiki hake ʻa e mafana ʻo e fehokotakiʻanga LED, ʻoku holo ʻa e lavameʻa ʻo e quantum ʻi loto, ʻa ia ko hono ʻuhinga ʻoku siʻisiʻi ange ʻa e photons ki he lahi tatau ʻo e ʻuhila. Ko e ʻuhinga ʻeni te ke fakatokangaʻi ai ha maama LED ʻoku kiʻi poipoila ʻi heʻene mafana. Ko e meʻa ʻoku mahuʻinga ange, ʻoku fakatupu ʻe he mafana ʻo e ʻea ʻa e maumau tuʻuloa. ʻE lava ke holoki ʻe he vela ʻa e phosphor coating ʻoku fakaʻaongaʻi ʻi he LED hinehina ke liliu ʻa e maama lanu puluu ki ha spectrum kakato, ʻo fakatupu ha liliu ʻi he mafana ʻo e lanu ʻi ha vahaʻa taimi. ʻE lava ke maumauʻi ʻa e naunau semiconductor, ʻo iku ki he lahi ange ʻa e fakafepaki mo e vela lahi ange ʻi ha siakale fakaʻauha. ʻE lava ke vaivai ʻa e ngaahi haʻi ʻoku ne pukepuke ʻa e LED chip ki hono substrate, ʻo iku ki he taʻelavameʻa fakaesino. Ko hono aofangatuku, ʻe lava ke fakasiʻisiʻi ʻe he puleʻi lelei ʻo e mafana ʻo e ʻea ʻa e moʻui ʻa ha LED mei he houa ʻe 50,000+ ki ha houa ʻe lauiafe pe, ʻo fakaʻikaiʻi ai hono tefitoʻi lelei. Ko e ʻuhinga ʻeni ʻoku ʻinivesi lahi ai ʻa e ngaahi kautaha faʻu meʻa ʻi he faʻufaʻu ʻo e mafana ʻo e ʻea, fakapapauʻi ʻoku lahi feʻunga ʻa e meʻa vela pea ʻoku ʻi ai ha hala mahino mo maʻulalo ke tafe atu ʻa e vela mei he chips pelepelengesi.

Founga ke puleʻi mo toʻo atu ʻa e vela ʻi he ngaahi polokalama LED

ʻOku ʻikai ko ha meʻa ia ʻoku toki fakakaukau ki ai ʻa e puleʻi lelei ʻo e mafana ʻo e ʻea ʻi he palani ʻo e LED; ko ha konga mahuʻinga ia ʻo e founga ngaue fakaʻenisinia. ʻOku kau ai ha founga ʻoku ʻi ai ha ngaahi sitepu kehekehe ke ʻave ʻa e vela mei he fetaulakiʻanga ki he ʻea ʻatakai. Ko e ʻuluaki sitepu ko e conduction. ʻOku soldered pe bonded ʻa e LED chip ki ha substrate, ʻoku faʻa fakaʻaongaʻi ha "naunau fetuʻutaki mafana ʻo e ʻea" ke fakafonu ʻaki ʻa e fanga kiʻi ava ʻo e ʻea ʻa ia ʻe lava ke ne insulate ʻa e vela. Ko e substrate ko ʻeni ko ha Metal Core Printed Circuit Board (MCPCB), ʻa ia ʻoku ʻi ai ha konga manifi ʻo e naunau dielectric ʻi ha fakavaʻe aluminium pe kopa, ʻo fakaʻata ʻa e vela ke mafola vave. Mei he MCPCB, ʻoku ʻalu ʻa e vela ki he heat sink. Ko e heat sink ʻa e konga ʻoku ʻasi lelei taha ʻi he founga puleʻi ʻo e mafana ʻo e ʻea. ʻOku mahuʻinga hono fokotuʻutuʻu. ʻOku faʻa ngaohi ia mei he ʻalaminiume, ʻa ia ʻoku maʻamaʻa pea ʻoku lelei hono conductivity ʻo e mafana ʻo e ʻea, pea ʻoku faʻu ʻaki ha ngaahi fins pe pine lahi. ʻOku fakalahi ʻe he ngaahi fins ko ʻeni ʻa e feituʻu ʻoku fetuʻutaki mo e ʻea. Ko e sitepu fakaʻosi ko e convection, ʻa ia ʻoku feʻaveʻaki ai ʻa e vela mei he fins ki he ʻea ʻoku ngaʻunu. ʻOku fakafalala ʻeni ki he tafe ʻa e ʻea vela ʻi he lahi ʻo e ʻea vela, ʻa ia ʻoku ʻalu hake ai ʻa e ʻea vela pea fetongi ʻaki ʻa e ʻea mokomoko ange. Ki he LEDs malohi ʻaupito, hange ko ia ʻoku fakaʻaongaʻi ʻi he ngaahi maama ʻo e malaʻe vaʻinga, ʻoku ʻikai feʻunga ʻa e passive cool, ko ia ʻoku fakaʻaongaʻi ʻa e active cooling mo e fans ke fakamalohiʻi ʻa e ʻea ʻi he fins, ʻo fakalahi ʻaupito ʻa e feʻaveʻaki vela convective. ʻOku fakaʻaongaʻi ʻe he ngaahi polokalama maʻolunga ʻe niʻihi ʻa e paipa vela pe huhuʻa mokomoko ke feʻaveʻaki lelei ange ʻa e vela.

Ko e ha e fatongia ʻo e heat sink ʻi he ngaue ʻa e LED?

Ko e heat sink ko e konga mahuʻinga taha ia ʻo ha maama LED hili ʻa e LED chip. Ko ʻene ngaue ke ʻoatu ha konga lahi ʻo e naunau ke ne maʻu ʻa e vela mo ha fukahi feituʻu lahi ke toʻo atu ia. ʻOku fakapapauʻi fakahangatonu ʻe he lahi, naunau mo e geometry ʻo e meʻa vela ʻa e malava ʻe he mama ke tauhi ha mafana ʻo e ngaue ʻoku malu. ʻE maʻamaʻa ange hono ngaohi ʻo ha kiʻi meʻa siʻisiʻi mo maʻamaʻa, ka ʻe vave ʻene maʻu ʻa e vela, ʻo iku ki ha mafana maʻolunga ʻo e fetaulakiʻanga LED, fakasiʻisiʻi ʻa e mama, pea fakanounouʻi ʻa e moʻui. ʻOku fakapapauʻi ʻe ha meʻa vela kuo fokotuʻutuʻu lelei, neongo kapau ʻoku tanaki atu ki he fakamole mo e mamafa ʻo e naunau, ʻe lava ke ngaue ʻa e LED ʻi hono fokotuʻutuʻu lelei pea tolonga ʻi hono moʻui kakato. Kuo pau foki ke fokotuʻutuʻu ʻa e fins ʻo e heat sink ke lava ʻo tafe tauʻataina ʻa e ʻea, ko ia ʻoku ʻikai totonu ke fuʻu vaofi kinaua, pea kuo pau ke fakaʻata ʻe he ʻatakai ʻo e mama ke ʻea ʻa e ʻea. ʻE lava ʻe hono ʻufiʻufi ha maama LED pe fokotuʻu ia ʻi ha meʻa ʻoku tapuni mo ʻikai ʻea ʻo fakaʻauha ʻa e ʻea mokomoko ʻi he meʻa vela, ʻo fakatupu ai ʻa e vela ʻo e LED. Ko ia ai, ʻi he taimi ʻoku fili ai ha koloa LED, ko e tuʻunga lelei mo e lahi ʻo hono heat sink ko ha ngaahi fakaʻilonga fakahangatonu ia ʻo e tukupa ʻa e kautaha naʻa nau ngaohi ʻa e ngaue mo e moʻui loloa. Ko e heat sink ko ha fakaʻilonga ia ʻoku ne tohoakiʻi lelei ʻa e vela mei he chip; ʻE lava ke ʻuhinga ʻa e mafana mokomoko ʻoku fihia ʻa e vela ʻi loto, ʻa ia ko ha founga ia ki he taʻelavameʻa kimuʻa.

Mafana mo e Ola lelei ʻi he ngaahi tekinolosia ʻo e mama

ʻOku fakafehoanaki ʻe he tepile ko ʻeni ʻa e 60W incandescent, 15W CFL, mo e 12W LED, ʻoku meimei tatau pe ʻa e maama (800 lumens).

ʻOku fakahaaʻi mahino ʻe he fakafehoanaki ko ʻeni neongo ʻoku siʻisiʻi taha ʻa e vela fakakatoa ʻoku ʻomi ʻe he LEDs, ko e founga ʻo e dissipation ʻo e vela (conduction ʻo fakafou ʻi ha sink vela) ko e meʻa ia ʻoku ne ʻai ke nau ongoʻi mafana ʻi he ala ki ai, ko ha fakaʻilonga ʻo e ʻenisinia lelei ʻo e mafana ʻo e ʻea.

Ko e ha ʻa e kahaʻu ki he ola lelei mo e vela ʻo e LED?

ʻOku teʻeki ai ke ʻosi ʻa e fononga ʻa e tekinolosia LED. ʻOku hokohoko atu ʻa e ngaue ʻa e kau fakatotolo mo e kau ʻenisinia ke fakaleleiʻi ʻa e tefitoʻi lavameʻa ʻo e LEDs, ʻo teke ʻa e ngaahi fakangatangata ʻo e meʻa ʻoku malava. ʻI he lolotonga ni, naʻa mo e LED lelei taha ʻoku liliu pe ʻa e 30-40% ʻo e ivi fakaʻuhila ki he maama ʻoku ʻasi mai. ʻOku mole ʻa e toenga ko e vela. ʻOku ʻi ai ha teke fakasaienisi mahuʻinga ke mahino mo taʻofi ʻa e ngaahi founga ʻoku ʻikai ko e radiative recombination ʻi he semiconductor ʻoku ne fakatupu ʻa e ngaahi mole ko ʻeni. ʻOku palomesi ʻa e fakalakalaka ʻi he saienisi ʻo e ngaahi naunau, hange ko hono fakaʻaongaʻi ʻo e gallium nitride ʻi he substrates silikoni mo e ngaahi tekinolosia foʻou ʻo e quantum dot, ke fakatupulaki ʻa e lavameʻa ʻo e quantum ʻi loto ʻo e LEDs. ʻOku maʻolunga ange ʻa e tuʻunga maʻolunga taha ʻo ha LED hinehina, ʻe lava ke laka hake ʻi he 50% pe 60%. ʻI he fakalakalaka ʻa e lavameʻa ko ʻeni, ʻe siʻisiʻi ange ʻa e ivi ʻe liliu ki he vela ʻi he lahi tatau ʻo e mama. ʻOku ʻuhinga ʻeni ʻe fie maʻu ʻe he LEDs ʻi he kahaʻu ha fanga kiʻi meʻa siʻisiʻi ange ke mapuleʻi ʻaki ʻa e fakasiʻisiʻi ʻo e mafana ʻo e ʻea. ʻOku tau ʻosi mamata ki he akenga ko ʻeni ʻi he fakalakalaka ʻo e chip-on-board (COB) LEDs mo e ngaahi fakaʻuli lelei ange. Ko e taumuʻa taupotu taha ko ha maʻuʻanga maama ʻoku ne liliu ʻa e konga lahi ʻo hono ivi ki he maama ʻoku tau sio ki ai, pea ko e vela vela ko ha meʻa siʻisiʻi pe. ʻI heʻene aʻu ki he ʻaho ko ia, ko e mahino mo hono fakaʻapaʻapaʻi ʻo e ngaahi fie maʻu ki hono puleʻi ʻo e mafana ʻo e ʻea ʻo e tekinolosia LED lolotonga, ko e ki ia ke fiefia ʻi heʻenau moʻui fuoloa mo e ngaahi lelei ʻo e fakahaofi ivi.

Ngaahi Fehuʻi ʻOku Toutou ʻEke Fekauʻaki mo e Vela ʻo e LED

ʻOku angamaheni pe ke vela ha foʻi ʻuhila LED ʻi he ala ki ai?

ʻIo, ʻoku angamaheni pe ke ongoʻi mafana pe vela ʻa e fakavaʻe pe mafana ʻo ha foʻi ʻuhila LED. ʻOku fakahaaʻi ʻe he meʻa ni ʻoku lava lelei ʻe he heat sink ʻo tohoakiʻi ʻa e mafana mei he LED chip. Kae kehe, ʻ oku ʻ ikai totonu ke fuʻu vela ʻ o fakatupunga ai ʻ a e langa ʻ i he taimi ʻ oku ala nounou aí. Kapau ʻoku fuʻu vela, mahalo ʻoku ʻi ha meʻa ʻoku tapuni pea ʻikai lelei ʻa e ʻea pe ʻoku maumau ʻa e foʻi ʻuhila.

ʻE lava nai ʻe ha foʻi ʻuhila LED ʻo fakatupu ha vela?

Neongo ʻoku ngaue ʻa e ngaahi foʻi ʻuhila LED ʻi ha mafana maʻulalo ange ʻi he ngaahi foʻi ʻuhila incandescent, ʻe kei lava pe ke nau hoko ko ha tuʻunga fakatuʻutamaki ʻo e vela kapau ʻoku ʻikai lelei honau tuʻunga lelei, ʻoku ʻi ai ha fakaʻuli ʻoku hala, pe ʻoku fakaʻaongaʻi ia ʻi ha founga ʻoku ne taʻofi ʻa e vela ʻo e ʻea. Hange ko ʻeni, ʻe lava ke fuʻu vela ʻa hono ʻufiʻufi ha foʻi ʻuhila LED pe fakaʻaongaʻi ia ʻi ha meʻa ʻoku ʻikai ke ʻea ʻa ia ʻoku ʻikai fakafuofuaʻi ki ai. Muimui maʻu pe ki he ngaahi fakahinohino ʻa e kautaha naʻa nau ngaohi pea kumi ha ngaahi koloa kuo fakamoʻoniʻi.

ʻE anga fefe haʻaku ʻai ke tolonga ange ʻeku ngaahi maama LED?

Ko e founga lelei taha ke fakaloloa ai ʻa e moʻui ʻa hoʻo ngaahi maama LED ko hono puleʻi ʻenau vela. Fakapapauʻi ʻoku fokotuʻu kinautolu ʻi ha ngaahi naunau ʻoku lava ke tafe feʻunga ʻa e ʻea ʻi he heat sink. ʻOua naʻa tapuni kinautolu ʻi ha fanga kiʻi feituʻu iiki ʻoku ʻikai ke ʻi ai ha ʻea tukukehe kapau kuo fakataumuʻa pau ki he taumuʻa ko ia. Ko hono fili ʻo e LEDs tuʻunga maʻolunga mei he ngaahi kautaha falalaʻanga, ʻa ia ʻoku lelei ange ʻa e faʻufaʻu ʻo e mafana ʻo e ʻea, ko e ki foki ia ki he moʻui fuoloa.