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LED Introduction

2023-11-28

LED

Introduction

A light-emitting diode (LED) is a two-lead semiconductor light source. In 1962, General Electric's Nick Helenak developed the first practical visible light-emitting diode.

The LED consists of a chip of semiconducting material doped with impurities to create a p-n junction. As in other diodes, current flows easily from the p-side, or anode, to the n-side, or cathode, but not in the reverse direction.

LED development began with infrared and red devices made with gallium arsenide. Advances in materials science have enabled making devices with ever-shorter wavelengths, emitting light in a variety of colors.。

LED Lighting Into the Mainstream

As we take a look at the market, Halogen lamps (HID) are popular as an outdoor basketball court illumination source for a certain period of time. Halogen lamps are widely used in large outdoor billboards, stations, terminals, industrial and mining enterprises, etc., and are introduced into outdoor basketball court lighting, a standard outdoor basketball court (32x19 meters), with the advantages of high brightness, good luminous efficiency and convenient maintenance. With 4-6 halogen lamps of about 400W, it can fully meet the needs of basketball court lighting. Halogen lamps also have the advantages of long range, strong penetrating power and uniform illumination, so that the use of a small number of lamps installed at a distance from the side of the course can also achieve the lighting requirements of the basketball court. The disadvantage of halogen lamps is that the power is relatively large, the energy consumption ratio is not high, and the light intensity is too high. Long-term exposure to such light will affect the athlete's visual judgment.

As the mainstream choice of outdoor lighting, LED floodlights are preferred for outdoor lighting because of its low energy consumption, small size, light weight and high luminous efficiency. The widespread use of LED floodlights in the field of outdoor basketball court lighting has only recently emerged. In the field of outdoor lighting, LEDs can save 50% to 90% of energy compared to high-pressure gas discharge lamps (HID). The initial cost may make some owners considering the upgrade hesitate, but the LED energy saving effect is significant, and recycling can be achieved within one to three years. Another cost-saving way to LED is to reduce the need for maintenance.

Once a metal halide lamp is replaced, it is typically less than 50% of the original light output. This means that they provide a level of illumination that is much lower than their original design and usually produces a focus effect. In contrast, today's LEDs have a lumen maintenance rate of over 95% after 60,000 hours, enough to maintain nighttime lighting levels of more than 14 years.